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Exergaming Improves Executive Functions in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome: Randomized Controlled Trial.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Recent studies indicate that participation in exercise-related games can improve executive function, attention processing, and visuospatial skills. OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to investigate whether exercise via exergaming (EXG) can improve executive function in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS:A total of 22 MetS patients were recruited and randomly assigned to an EXG group or a treadmill exercise (TE) group. The reaction time (RT) and electrophysiological signals from the frontal (Fz), central (Cz), and parietal (Pz) cortices were collected during a Stroop task after 12 weeks of exercise. RESULTS:During the Stroop congruence (facilitation) judgment task, both the EXG and TE groups showed significantly faster RT after 12 weeks of exercise training. For N200 amplitude, the EXG group demonstrated significantly increased electrophysiological signals from the Fz and Cz cortices. These changes were significantly larger in the EXG group than in the TE group. Separately, for the P300 amplitude, the EXG groups presented significantly increased electrophysiological signals from the Fz, Cz, and Pz cortices, whereas the TE group showed significantly increased electrophysiological signals from the Cz and Pz cortices only. During the Stroop incongruence (interference) judgment task, both the EXG and TE groups showed significantly faster RT. For P300 amplitude, the EXG group had significantly increased electrophysiological signals from the Fz and Cz cortices only, whereas the TE group had significantly increased electrophysiological signals from the Fz, Cz, and Pz cortices. CONCLUSIONS:EXG improves executive function in patients with MetS as much as normal aerobic exercise does. In particular, a unique benefit of EXG beyond increased aerobic capacity is the improved selective attention among cognitive functions. Thus, EXG could be recommended to someone who needs to improve their brain responses of concentration and judgment as well as physical fitness. TRIAL REGISTRATION:ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04015583; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04015583.

SUBMITTER: Wu S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6693301 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Exergaming Improves Executive Functions in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Wu Shanshan S Jo Eun-Ah EA Ji Hongqing H Kim Kyung-Hee KH Park Jung-Jun JJ Kim Bo Hyun BH Cho Kyoung Im KI

JMIR serious games 20190731 3

<h4>Background</h4>Recent studies indicate that participation in exercise-related games can improve executive function, attention processing, and visuospatial skills.<h4>Objective</h4>The aim of this study was to investigate whether exercise via exergaming (EXG) can improve executive function in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS).<h4>Methods</h4>A total of 22 MetS patients were recruited and randomly assigned to an EXG group or a treadmill exercise (TE) group. The reaction time (RT) and ele ...[more]

PMID: 31368441

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Project description:BackgroundDespite increasing interest in the effects of exergaming on cognitive function, little is known about its effects on older adults with dementia.ObjectiveThe purpose of this is to investigate the effects of exergaming on executive and physical functions in older adults with dementia compared to regular aerobic exercise.MethodsIn total, 24 older adults with moderate dementia participated in the study. Participants were randomized into either the exergame group (EXG, n=13, 54%) or the aerobic exercise group (AEG, n=11, 46%). For 12 weeks, EXG engaged in a running-based exergame and AEG performed a cycling exercise. At baseline and postintervention, participants underwent the Ericksen flanker test (accuracy % and response time [RT]) while recording event-related potentials (ERPs) that included the N2 and P3b potentials. Participants also underwent the senior fitness test (SFT) and the body composition test pre- and postintervention. Repeated-measures ANOVA was performed to assess the effects of time (pre- vs postintervention), group (EXG vs AEG), and group×time interactions.ResultsCompared to AEG, EXG demonstrated greater improvements in the SFT (F1.22=7.434, P=.01), reduction in body fat (F1.22=6.476, P=.02), and increase in skeletal mass (F1.22=4.525, P=.05), fat-free mass (F1.22=6.103, P=.02), and muscle mass (F1.22=6.636, P=.02). Although there was a significantly shorter RT in EXG postintervention (congruent P=.03, 95% CI 13.581-260.419, incongruent P=.04, 95% CI 14.621-408.917), no changes occurred in AEG. EXG also yielded a shorter N2 latency for central (Cz) cortices during both congruent conditions compared to AEG (F1.22=4.281, P=.05). Lastly, EXG presented a significantly increased P3b amplitude compared to AEG during the Ericksen flanker test (congruent: frontal [Fz] F1.22=6.546, P=.02; Cz F1.22=5.963, P=.23; parietal [Pz] F1.22=4.302, P=.05; incongruent: Fz F1.22=8.302, P=.01; Cz F1.22=15.199, P=.001; Pz F1.22=13.774, P=.001).ConclusionsOur results suggest that exergaming may be associated with greater improvements in brain neuronal activity and enhanced executive function task performance than regular aerobic exercise. Exergaming characterized by both aerobic exercise and cognitive stimulation can be used as an effective intervention to improve cognitive and physical functions in older adults with dementia.Trial registrationClinical Research Information Service KCT0008238; https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/detailSearch.do/24170.

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Exergaming Improves Executive Functions in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome: Randomized Controlled Trial.

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Exergaming Improves Executive Functions in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome: Randomized Controlled Trial.

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