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Primary EBV Infection Induces an Acute Wave of Activated Antigen-Specific Cytotoxic CD4+ T Cells.


ABSTRACT: CD4+ T cells are essential for immune protection against viruses, yet their multiple roles remain ill-defined at the single-cell level in humans. Using HLA class II tetramers, we studied the functional properties and clonotypic architecture of EBV-specific CD4+ T cells in patients with infectious mononucleosis, a symptomatic manifestation of primary EBV infection, and in long-term healthy carriers of EBV. We found that primary infection elicited oligoclonal expansions of TH1-like EBV-specific CD4+ T cells armed with cytotoxic proteins that responded immediately ex vivo to challenge with EBV-infected B cells. Importantly, these acutely generated cytotoxic CD4+ T cells were highly activated and transcriptionally distinct from classically described cytotoxic CD4+ memory T cells that accumulate during other persistent viral infections, including CMV and HIV. In contrast, EBV-specific memory CD4+ T cells displayed increased cytokine polyfunctionality but lacked cytotoxic activity. These findings suggested an important effector role for acutely generated cytotoxic CD4+ T cells that could potentially be harnessed to improve the efficacy of vaccines against EBV.

SUBMITTER: Meckiff BJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6697742 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Primary EBV Infection Induces an Acute Wave of Activated Antigen-Specific Cytotoxic CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells.

Meckiff Benjamin J BJ   Ladell Kristin K   McLaren James E JE   Ryan Gordon B GB   Leese Alison M AM   James Eddie A EA   Price David A DA   Long Heather M HM  

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 20190715 5


CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells are essential for immune protection against viruses, yet their multiple roles remain ill-defined at the single-cell level in humans. Using HLA class II tetramers, we studied the functional properties and clonotypic architecture of EBV-specific CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells in patients with infectious mononucleosis, a symptomatic manifestation of primary EBV infection, and in long-term healthy carriers of EBV. We found that primary infection elicited oligoclonal expansions of T<  ...[more]

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