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Optimal response to dimethyl fumarate is mediated by a reduction of Th1-like Th17 cells after 3 months of treatment.

ABSTRACT: AIM:Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is one of the most promising therapies for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients since it has shown immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects. However, a percentage of RRMS patients do not exhibit an optimal response to DMF. The objective of this study was to identify early biomarkers of treatment response by analyzing changes in peripheral leukocyte subpopulations directly in whole blood samples. METHODS:A longitudinal and prospective study analyzing peripheral blood leukocyte subpopulations in 22 RRMS patients before initiating DMF treatment (baseline) and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months of follow-up was performed. Differences between no evidence of disease activity (NEDA) and ongoing disease activity (ODA) patients were analyzed. RESULTS:The beneficial effect of DMF was associated with a specific depletion of memory CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes and B cells. Importantly, only NEDA patients showed (a) a shift from a pro- to an antiinflammatory profile, with an increase of Th2 cells and a decrease of Th1-like Th17 lymphocytes; and (b) an increase of regulatory CD56bright NK cells. CONCLUSION:The optimal response to DMF is mediated by a shift to antiinflammatory and immunoregulatory profile, which puts forward Th1-like Th17 lymphocytes as a potential early biomarker of treatment response.

SUBMITTER: Mansilla MJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6698982 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Optimal response to dimethyl fumarate is mediated by a reduction of Th1-like Th17 cells after 3 months of treatment.

Mansilla María José MJ Navarro-Barriuso Juan J Presas-Rodríguez Silvia S Teniente-Serra Aina A Quirant-Sánchez Bibiana B Ramo-Tello Cristina C Martínez-Cáceres Eva María EM

CNS neuroscience & therapeutics 20190507 9

<h4>Aim</h4>Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is one of the most promising therapies for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients since it has shown immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects. However, a percentage of RRMS patients do not exhibit an optimal response to DMF. The objective of this study was to identify early biomarkers of treatment response by analyzing changes in peripheral leukocyte subpopulations directly in whole blood samples.<h4>Methods</h4>A longitudinal and prospecti ...[more]

PMID: 31066225

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Project description:IntroductionLimited comparative effectiveness data for rituximab (RTX) versus natalizumab (NTZ), fingolimod (FTY), and dimethyl fumarate (DMF) for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) exist.MethodsClinician-reported data on patients prescribed RTX, NTZ, FTY, or DMF for the treatment of MS at the Rocky Mountain MS Center at the University of Colorado were retrospectively collected. Outcomes included a composite effectiveness measure consisting of clinical relapse, contrast-enhancing lesions, and/or new T2 lesions, individual effectiveness outcomes, and discontinuation. Logistic regression was used on patients matched by propensity scores and using average treatment effect on treated doubly robust weighting estimator.ResultsA total of 182, 451, 271, and 342 patients initiated RTX, NTZ, FTY, and DMF and were followed for 2 years. Before and after adjustment, the odds of experiencing disease activity was significantly higher for FTY [adjusted OR (aOR) = 3.17 (95% CI: 1.81-5.55), P < 0.001].and DMF [aOR = 2.68 (95% CI:1.67-4.29), P < 0.001], and similar for NTZ [aOR = 1.36 (95% CI:0.83-2.23), P = 0.216] versus RTX. When examining months 6-24, NTZ demonstrated higher odds of disease activity compared to RTX [aOR = 2.21 (95% CI: 1.20-4.06), P = 0.007]. Similar odds of discontinuation were seen between NTZ and RTX [aOR = 1.39 (95% CI: 0.88-2.20), P = 0.157]; however, FTY [aOR = 2.02 (95% CI: 1.24-3.30), P = 0.005] and DMF [aOR = 3.27 (95% CI: 2.15-4.97), P < 0.001] had greater odds of discontinuation than RTX.InterpretationRTX demonstrated superior effectiveness and discontinuation outcomes compared to FTY and DMF. Although RTX demonstrated similar effectiveness and discontinuation compared to NTZ, RTX had superior effectiveness during months 6-24 and fewer discontinuations when excluding discontinuations due to insurance issues. Results suggest superiority of RTX in reducing disease activity and maintaining long-term treatment in a real-world MS cohort.

Dataset Information

Optimal response to dimethyl fumarate is mediated by a reduction of Th1-like Th17 cells after 3 months of treatment.

Publications

Optimal response to dimethyl fumarate is mediated by a reduction of Th1-like Th17 cells after 3 months of treatment.

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