Dataset Information

Focused transcranial ultrasound for treatment of neurodegenerative dementia.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Preclinical studies support investigation of focused ultrasound for breakdown of cerebral pathologies in neurodegenerative conditions including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods

A focused transcranial Doppler device with probes (2 MHz, 520 mW/cm²) affixed bilaterally was used to target the hippocampus (AD) or substantia nigra (PD) with functional magnetic resonance imaging navigation for enhanced plaque removal. A total of 22 patients (n = 11 AD, n = 11 PD) underwent 8 consecutive, weekly, 1-hour treatments wherein sleep was encouraged naturally or pharmacologically. Cognitive and motor functioning assessment was carried out using standardized evaluations at baseline and conclusion.

Results

Of all, 62.5% of patients had one or more improved cognitive scores without data incongruence, 87% had stable or improved fine motor scores, and 87.5% had stable or improved gross motor scores. No adverse events were reported.

Discussion

The safety of focused transcranial Doppler and possible enhancement in patient functioning were suggested by outcome data.

SUBMITTER: Nicodemus NE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6700262 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Focused transcranial ultrasound for treatment of neurodegenerative dementia.

Nicodemus Natalie Eleanor NE Becerra Sergio S Kuhn Taylor P TP Packham Hannah R HR Duncan John J Mahdavi Kennedy K Iovine Jessica J Kesari Santosh S Pereles Scott S Whitney Mike M Mamoun Michael M Franc Daniel D Bystritsky Alexander A Jordan Sheldon S

Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.) 20190808

<h4>Introduction</h4>Preclinical studies support investigation of focused ultrasound for breakdown of cerebral pathologies in neurodegenerative conditions including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD).<h4>Methods</h4>A focused transcranial Doppler device with probes (2 MHz, 520 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>) affixed bilaterally was used to target the hippocampus (AD) or substantia nigra (PD) with functional magnetic resonance imaging navigation for enhanced plaque removal. A total of 22 pa ...[more]

PMID: 31440580

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Project description:Transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) neuromodulation provides a promising emerging non-invasive therapy for the treatment of neurological disorders. Many studies have demonstrated the ability of tFUS to elicit transient changes in neural responses. However, the ability of tFUS to induce sustained changes need to be carefully examined. In this study, we use the long-term potentiation/long term depression (LTP/LTD) model in the rat hippocampus, the medial perforant path (mPP) to dentate gyrus (DG) pathway, to explore whether tFUS is capable of encoding frequency specific information to induce plasticity. Single-element focused transducers were used for tFUS stimulation with ultrasound fundamental frequency of 0.5 MHz and nominal focal distance of 38 mm tFUS stimulation is directed to mPP. Measurement of synaptic connectivity is achieved through the slope of field excitatory post synaptic potentials (fEPSPs), which are elicited using bipolar electrical stimulation electrodes and recorded at DG using extracellular electrodes to quantify degree of plasticity. We applied pulsed tFUS stimulation with total duration of 5 min, with 5 levels of pulse repetition frequencies each administered at 50 Hz sonication frequency at the mPP. Baseline fEPSP is recorded 10 min prior, and 30+ minutes after tFUS administration. In N = 16 adult wildtype rats, we observed sustained depression of fEPSP slope after 5 min of tFUS focused at the presynaptic field mPP. Across all PRFs, no significant difference in maximum fEPSP slope change was observed, average tFUS induced depression level was observed at 19.6%. When compared to low frequency electrical stimulation (LFS) of 1 Hz delivered to the mPP, the sustained changes induced by tFUS stimulation show no statistical difference to LFS for up to 24 min after tFUS stimulation. When both the maximum depression effects and the duration of sustained effects are both taken into account, PRF 3 kHz can induce significantly larger effects than other PRFs tested. tFUS stimulation is measured with a spatial-peak pressure amplitude of 99 kPa, translating to an estimation of 0.43 °C temperature increase when assuming no loss of heat. The results suggest the ability of tFUS to encode sustained changes in synaptic connectivity through mechanism which are unlikely to involve thermal changes.

Dataset Information

Focused transcranial ultrasound for treatment of neurodegenerative dementia.

Introduction

Methods

Results

Discussion

Publications

Focused transcranial ultrasound for treatment of neurodegenerative dementia.

Similar Datasets

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