Dataset Information

Do exposure to outdoor temperatures, NO2 and PM10 affect the work-related injuries risk? A case-crossover study in three Italian cities, 2001-2010.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES:Studies on the effect of temperature on rates of work-related injuries (WRIs) are very recent, and are evolving in depth and scope. However, less is known about potential effects of air pollutants. Our objective was to analyse the association between WRI and NO2, PM10 and air temperature in three major Italian cities, and to identify groups of workers more at risk in Italy. DESIGN:Time-stratified case-crossover study. SETTINGS:Milan, Turin, Rome, years 2001-2010. PARTICIPANTS:A total of 468 816 WRI occurred between 2001 and 2010 in Milan, Turin and Rome were extracted from the Italian national workers' compensation authority database. MAIN OUTCOMES:Associations between WRI and temperature, PM10, NO2, separately in the warm and in the cold season (WS, May-September; CS, November-February). Effect modification was studied by economic sector, occupational activity and indoor/outdoor job activity. RESULTS:Exposure to NO2 (lag 0-8) showed the highest effect on the risk of WRI,with ORs ranging from 1.20 (95% CI 1.16 to 1.24) in Milan to 1.30 (95% CI 1.24 to 1.37) in Turin in the WS. The effect of exposure to PM10 was milder but consistent across all cities: ORs from 1.09 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.12) in Turin to 1.15 (95% CI 1.11 to 1.18) in Rome. Temperature was associated with risk of WRI only among those working in construction (highest association in Rome 1.06; 95%?CI 1.01 to 1.12), transportation (highest association in Milan 1.05; 95%?CI 0.96 to 1.14) and the energy industry (highest association in Milan 1.57; 95%?CI 1.03 to 2.38) in the WS in all cities. A weak effect of low temperatures was observed in the CS only in Rome. CONCLUSIONS:Exposures to NO2 resulted as strongest hazard for WRIs, mainly in warm months, while the independent effect of temperature was significant only in specific subgroups of workers. These results could be considered to better plan safety prevention programmes.

SUBMITTER: Schifano P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6701593 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Do exposure to outdoor temperatures, NO<sub>2</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> affect the work-related injuries risk? A case-crossover study in three Italian cities, 2001-2010.

Schifano Patrizia P Asta Federica F Marinaccio Alessandro A Bonafede Michela M Davoli Marina M Michelozzi Paola P

BMJ open 20190818 8

<h4>Objectives</h4>Studies on the effect of temperature on rates of work-related injuries (WRIs) are very recent, and are evolving in depth and scope. However, less is known about potential effects of air pollutants. Our objective was to analyse the association between WRI and NO<sub>2</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub> and air temperature in three major Italian cities, and to identify groups of workers more at risk in Italy.<h4>Design</h4>Time-stratified case-crossover study.<h4>Settings</h4>Milan, Turin, ...[more]

PMID: 31427308

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Project description:The use of air sensor technology is increasing worldwide for a variety of applications, however, with significant variability in data quality. The United States Environmental Protection Agency held a workshop in July 2019 to deliberate possible performance targets for air sensors measuring particles with aerodynamic diameters of 10 μm or less (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and sulfur dioxide (SO2). These performance targets were discussed from the perspective of non-regulatory applications and with the sensors operating primarily in a stationary mode in outdoor environments. Attendees included representatives from multiple levels of government organizations, sensor developers, environmental nonprofits, international organizations, and academia. The workshop addressed the current lack of sensor technology requirements, discussed fit-for-purpose data quality needs, and debated transparency issues. This paper highlights the purpose and key outcomes of the workshop. While more information on performance and applications of sensors is available than in past years, the performance metrics, or parameters used to describe data quality, vary among the studies reports and there is a need for more clear and consistent approaches for evaluating sensor performance. Organizations worldwide are increasingly considering, or are in the process of developing, sensor performance targets and testing protocols. Workshop participants suggested that these new guidelines are highly desirable, would help improve data quality, and would give users more confidence in their data. Given the wide variety of uses for sensors and user backgrounds, as well as varied sensor design features (e.g., communication approaches, data tools, processing/adjustment algorithms and calibration procedures), the need for transparency was a key workshop theme. Suggestions for increasing transparency included documenting and sharing testing and performance data, detailing best practices, and sharing data processing and correction approaches.

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Dataset Information

Do exposure to outdoor temperatures, NO2 and PM10 affect the work-related injuries risk? A case-crossover study in three Italian cities, 2001-2010.

Publications

Do exposure to outdoor temperatures, NO<sub>2</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> affect the work-related injuries risk? A case-crossover study in three Italian cities, 2001-2010.

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