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What is new in the Canadian Immunization Guide: November 2016 to November 2018.

ABSTRACT: The Canadian Immunization Guide is an online resource that provides evidence-based recommendations on the use of vaccines and vaccine administration practices to health care providers and public health practitioners in Canada. Its contents are based on the most up-to-date recommendations of the National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI) and the Committee to Advise on Tropical Medicine and Travel (CATMAT). The Canadian Immunization Guide (CIG) is frequently updated online in response to new evidence and changing product indications. Between November 2016 and November 2018, new and updated recommendations were published for the chapters on Vaccine Administration Practices, Immunization of Immunocompromised Persons, and Immunization During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding and on seven active vaccines (for cholera and traveller's diarrhea, influenza, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, herpes zoster, human papillomavirus and pertussis), as well as a recent update on measles post-exposure prophylaxis.

SUBMITTER: Fleurant-Ceelen A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6707418 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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What is new in the Canadian Immunization Guide: November 2016 to November 2018.

Fleurant-Ceelen A A Tunis M M House A A

Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada 20181206 12

The Canadian Immunization Guide is an online resource that provides evidence-based recommendations on the use of vaccines and vaccine administration practices to health care providers and public health practitioners in Canada. Its contents are based on the most up-to-date recommendations of the National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI) and the Committee to Advise on Tropical Medicine and Travel (CATMAT). The Canadian Immunization Guide (CIG) is frequently updated online in response to n ...[more]

PMID: 31517951

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Project description:BackgroundSurveillance for adverse events following immunization (AEFI) is important to monitor vaccine safety and should lead to appropriate responses to improve health and immunization program. Bleeding following vaccination is not recognized as an important AEFI. Without policy of vitamin K (VK) prophylaxis at birth, vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB) could be an important cause of bleeding in young infants and may manifest as AEFI.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed all serious AEFI cases that presented with external or internal bleeding reported to Nepal's AEFI surveillance system during 2016-2018. The cases were classified as VKDB, suspected VKDB or non-VKDB.ResultsDuring the period, 16 serious AEFI with symptom or sign of bleeding were reported representing 21.3% of all serious AEFI reported. Cases were between 40 and 94 days of age. The National AEFI Investigation Committee classified all cases as coincidental. Fourteen cases (87.5%) had bleeding from injection site. Median time from vaccination to injection site bleeding was 4.3 h (interquartile range: 2.1-11.6 h). Six cases (37.5%) had intra-cranial haemorrhage. Only one case had confirmed history of receiving VK at birth. Ten cases (62.5%) received appropriate treatment (VK injection; blood transfusion if needed). Based on limited laboratory investigations available, three cases (18.75%) could be classified as late onset VKDB and 11 cases (68.75%) as suspected late onset VKDB.ConclusionVKDB should be suspected in young infants presenting with bleeding including following vaccination, and prompt treatment should be initiated. Bleeding following vaccination should be recognized as an important AEFI as even a small amount of blood loss in young infants can be catastrophic. We posit that this series is a small subset of VKDB cases in Nepal detected through AEFI surveillance system. In countries without policy of VK prophylaxis at birth including Nepal, the policy should be introduced.

Dataset Information

What is new in the Canadian Immunization Guide: November 2016 to November 2018.

Publications

What is new in the Canadian Immunization Guide: November 2016 to November 2018.

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