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Meta-Analysis Reveals Reproducible Gut Microbiome Alterations in Response to a High-Fat Diet.


ABSTRACT: Multiple research groups have shown that diet impacts the gut microbiome; however, variability in experimental design and quantitative assessment have made it challenging to assess the degree to which similar diets have reproducible effects across studies. Through an unbiased subject-level meta-analysis framework, we re-analyzed 27 dietary studies including 1,101 samples from rodents and humans. We demonstrate that a high-fat diet (HFD) reproducibly changes gut microbial community structure. Finer taxonomic analysis revealed that the most reproducible signals of a HFD are Lactococcus species, which we experimentally demonstrate to be common dietary contaminants. Additionally, a machine-learning approach defined a signature that predicts the dietary intake of mice and demonstrated that phylogenetic and gene-centric transformations of this model can be translated to humans. Together, these results demonstrate the utility of microbiome meta-analyses in identifying robust and reproducible features for mechanistic studies in preclinical models.

SUBMITTER: Bisanz JE 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6708278 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Meta-Analysis Reveals Reproducible Gut Microbiome Alterations in Response to a High-Fat Diet.

Bisanz Jordan E JE   Upadhyay Vaibhav V   Turnbaugh Jessie A JA   Ly Kimberly K   Turnbaugh Peter J PJ  

Cell host & microbe 20190716 2


Multiple research groups have shown that diet impacts the gut microbiome; however, variability in experimental design and quantitative assessment have made it challenging to assess the degree to which similar diets have reproducible effects across studies. Through an unbiased subject-level meta-analysis framework, we re-analyzed 27 dietary studies including 1,101 samples from rodents and humans. We demonstrate that a high-fat diet (HFD) reproducibly changes gut microbial community structure. Fin  ...[more]

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