Dataset Information

Red Blood Cell Membrane Processing for Biomedical Applications.

ABSTRACT: Red blood cells (RBC) are actually exploited as innovative drug delivery systems with unconventional and convenient properties. Because of a long in vivo survival and a non-random removal from circulation, RBC can be loaded with drugs and/or contrasting agents without affecting these properties and maintaining the original immune competence. However, native or drug-loaded RBC, can be modified decorating the membrane with peptides, antibodies or small chemical entities so favoring the targeting of the processed RBC to specific cells or organs. Convenient modifications have been exploited to induce immune tolerance or immunogenicity, to deliver antibodies capable of targeting other cells, and to deliver a number of constructs that can recognize circulating pathogens or toxins. The methods used to induce membrane processing useful for biomedical applications include the use of crosslinking agents and bifunctional antibodies, biotinylation and membrane insertion. Another approach includes the expression of engineered membrane proteins upon ex vivo transfection of immature erythroid precursors with lentiviral vectors, followed by in vitro expansion and differentiation into mature erythrocytes before administration to a patient in need. Several applications have now reached the clinic and a couple of companies that take advantage from these properties of RBC are already in Phase 3 with selected applications. The peculiar properties of the RBC and the active research in this field by a number of qualified investigators, have opened new exciting perspectives on the use of RBC as carriers of drugs or as cellular therapeutics.

SUBMITTER: Rossi L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6710399 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Red Blood Cell Membrane Processing for Biomedical Applications.

Rossi Luigia L Fraternale Alessandra A Bianchi Marzia M Magnani Mauro M

Frontiers in physiology 20190820

Red blood cells (RBC) are actually exploited as innovative drug delivery systems with unconventional and convenient properties. Because of a long <i>in vivo</i> survival and a non-random removal from circulation, RBC can be loaded with drugs and/or contrasting agents without affecting these properties and maintaining the original immune competence. However, native or drug-loaded RBC, can be modified decorating the membrane with peptides, antibodies or small chemical entities so favoring the targ ...[more]

PMID: 31481901

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Project description:Objective: Unexpectedly wide distribution (<10 to >90%) of hemoglobin oxygen saturation (sO2) within red cell concentrates (RCCs) has recently been observed. Causes of such variability are not yet completely explained whereas the roles of oxygen and oxidative lesions during the storage of RCCs are known. The objectives of the present study are to characterize sO2 distribution in RCCs produced in a Swiss blood center and to investigate the influence of processing and donors’ characteristics. Methods: The level of sO2 was measured in 1701 leukocyte-depleted RCCs derived from whole blood donations in both top–bottom (TB; component filtered, SAGM) and top–top (TT; whole blood filtration, PAGGSM) RCCs. The sO2 value was measured non-invasively through the PVC bag prior to storage by resonance Raman spectroscopy. Gender, age, blood type, hemoglobin level, and living altitude of donors, as well as process method and time-to-process were recorded. Results: Overall, the sO2 exhibited a wide non-Gaussian distribution with a mean of 51.2 ± 18.5%. Use of top-top kits resulted in a 16% higher sO2 (P < 0.0001) than with top-bottom ones. Waiting time before processing only had a modest impact, but the blood processing itself reduced the sO2 by almost 12% (P < 0.0001). sO2 was also significantly affected by some donors’ characteristics. RCCs from men exhibited 25% higher sO2 (P < 0.0001) than those donated by women. Multivariate analysis revealed that the apparent correlation observed with hemoglobin level and age was actually due to multicollinearity with the sex variable. Finally, we noticed no significant differences across blood type but found that altitude of residence was associated with the sO2 (i.e., higher in higher living place). Conclusion: These data confirm wide sO2 distribution in RCCs reported recently. The sO2 was impacted by the processing and also by donors’ characteristics such as the gender and the living altitude, but not by the hemoglobin level, blood group and donor age. This study provides new hints on the factors influencing red blood cells storage lesions, since they are known to be related to O2 content within the bags, giving clues to better process and to better store RCCs and therefore potentially improve the efficacy of transfusion.

Dataset Information

Red Blood Cell Membrane Processing for Biomedical Applications.

Publications

Red Blood Cell Membrane Processing for Biomedical Applications.

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