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Effect of hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics of vilaprisan: An open-label, single-dose, parallel-group study.

ABSTRACT: AIMS:The study objective was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of the selective progesterone receptor modulator vilaprisan in participants with hepatic impairment. Additionally, the safety and tolerability of vilaprisan were investigated. METHODS:In this phase 1, open-label, nonrandomised, parallel-group, pharmacokinetic study, men and women with mild or moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh grade A or B) and control participants with normal hepatic function matched by age, weight and sex received a single oral 2 mg dose of vilaprisan. Key pharmacokinetic parameters, relationships between parameters and safety outcomes were measured. RESULTS:Thirty-six participants completed the study: 9 with mild hepatic impairment, 9 with moderate hepatic impairment and 18 matched control participants with normal hepatic function. Vilaprisan reached maximum plasma concentrations after 1-2 hours. Unbound vilaprisan exposure was 1.44-fold higher for participants with mild hepatic impairment vs controls (90% confidence interval: 0.91-2.26), and 1.74-fold higher for participants with moderate impairment vs controls (90% confidence interval: 1.09-2.78). The maximum observed unbound peak concentrations were similar for participants with hepatic impairment and matched controls. Vilaprisan 2 mg was well tolerated and the incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events was similar across cohorts. CONCLUSION:Only mild increases of <1.75-fold in exposure were observed in participants with mild or moderate hepatic impairment compared with control participants. No safety concern was identified. These data, alongside the excellent safety profile observed in phase 1 and 2 studies, do not indicate that a dose adjustment would be required in patients with mild or moderate hepatic impairment.

SUBMITTER: Chattopadhyay N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6710501 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effect of hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics of vilaprisan: An open-label, single-dose, parallel-group study.

Chattopadhyay Niladri N Riecke Kai K Ligges Sandra S Zimmermann Torsten T Halabi Atef A Schultze-Mosgau Marcus-Hillert MH

British journal of clinical pharmacology 20190710 9

<h4>Aims</h4>The study objective was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of the selective progesterone receptor modulator vilaprisan in participants with hepatic impairment. Additionally, the safety and tolerability of vilaprisan were investigated.<h4>Methods</h4>In this phase 1, open-label, nonrandomised, parallel-group, pharmacokinetic study, men and women with mild or moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh grade A or B) and control participants with normal hepatic function matched by age, weigh ...[more]

PMID: 31112623

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Project description:IntroductionSomapacitan is a long-acting growth hormone (GH) derivative being developed for once-weekly dosing in patients with GH deficiency (GHD). Our objective was to evaluate the impact of kidney or hepatic impairment on somapacitan exposure in adults.MethodsIn two open-label, parallel-group, single-center, 6-week trials, eligible subjects (18-75 years of age, body mass index 18.5-34.9 kg/m2, GH-naïve, without GHD) were divided into five kidney (total n = 44) or three hepatic (n = 34) function groups. Subjects with normal kidney/hepatic function were matched to those with kidney/hepatic impairment by age, sex, and body weight. Subjects received three subcutaneous somapacitan administrations (0.08 mg/kg) on days 1, 8, and 15. Blood samples were collected before each dose, at 28 time points throughout 2 weeks after the last dose, and at follow-up (3-4 weeks after the last dose). The primary endpoint was area under the somapacitan serum concentration-time curve up to 1 week after the last dose (AUC0-168 h), while secondary endpoints included AUC0-168 h of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I.ResultsIn the kidney impairment trial, somapacitan AUC0-168 h was higher in groups with severe kidney impairment and requiring hemodialysis versus the normal kidney function group (estimated ratio and 90% confidence interval 1.75 [1.00-3.06] and 1.63 [1.01-2.61], respectively). AUC0-168 h of IGF-I was increased in the moderate impairment group (1.35 [1.09-1.66]), severe impairment group (1.40 [1.10-1.78]), and requiring hemodialysis group (1.24 [1.01-1.52]), compared with the normal function group. In the hepatic impairment trial, somapacitan AUC0-168 h was significantly higher in the moderate impairment group compared with the normal hepatic function group (4.69 [2.92-7.52]). IGF-I AUC0-168 h was lower in both hepatic impairment groups (0.85 [0.67-1.08] for the mild impairment group and 0.75 [0.60-0.95] for the moderate impairment group) compared with the normal function group. No new safety or tolerability issues were observed.ConclusionsIn summary, somapacitan exposure increased with level of kidney/hepatic impairment. Clinically, this will be taken into account when treating adults with GHD with somapacitan, as doses should be individually titrated.Clinical trial registrationNCT03186495 (kidney impairment trial, registered 12 June 2017); NCT03212131 (hepatic impairment trial, registered 30 June 2017).

Project description:INTRODUCTION:As patients who receive cannabidiol (CBD) may have co-existing renal morbidities, it is important to understand whether dose adjustments are necessary to mitigate the risk of exposure-related toxicity. This study was conducted to evaluate the pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of CBD in patients with renal impairment. METHODS:The pharmacokinetics and safety of a single oral 200 mg dose of a plant-derived pharmaceutical formulation of highly purified CBD in oral solution (Epidiolex® in the USA; 100 mg/mL) were assessed in subjects with mild, moderate, or severe renal impairment (n?=?8/group) relative to matched subjects with normal renal function (n?=?8). Blood samples were collected until 48 h post-dose and evaluated by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Analysis of variance was used to compare primary pharmacokinetic parameters (maximum measured plasma concentration [Cmax], oral clearance of drug from plasma [CL/F], renal clearance [CLR], area under the plasma concentration-time curve [AUC] from time zero to last measurable concentration [AUCt], and AUC from time zero to infinity [AUC?]); descriptive analysis was used for secondary pharmacokinetic parameters (time to Cmax [tmax], terminal [elimination] half-life [t½], cumulative amount excreted from time zero to the last quantifiable sample [Aelast], and fraction of the systemically available drug excreted into the urine [fe]). RESULTS:No statistically significant differences were observed in Cmax, AUCt, AUC?, or tmax values between subjects with mild, moderate, or severe renal impairment and subjects with normal renal function for CBD or its major metabolites, 7-carboxy-CBD (7-COOH-CBD) and 7-hydroxy-CBD (7-OH-CBD), and minor metabolite, 6-hydroxy-CBD (6-OH-CBD); geometric mean ratio for Cmax values ranged from 0.68 to 1.35. No differences were observed for other secondary parameters (Aelast and fe). CBD, 7-COOH-CBD, 7-OH-CBD, and 6-OH-CBD were highly protein bound (>?90%); binding was similar in all subject groups. Urine analysis for CBD recorded no appreciable amount, and thus no urinary pharmacokinetic parameters could be derived. Adverse events (AEs) affected two subjects; all five AEs were mild in severity and resolved during the trial. There were no serious AEs or discontinuations due to AEs. Laboratory, physical examination, vital sign, and 12-lead electrocardiogram findings were not clinically significant. CONCLUSION:Renal impairment had no effect on the metabolism of CBD after a single oral 200 mg dose. CBD was generally well tolerated in subjects with varying degrees of renal function. REGISTRATION:European Union Clinical Trials Register (EudraCT) no. 2015-002122-39.

Dataset Information

Effect of hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics of vilaprisan: An open-label, single-dose, parallel-group study.

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Effect of hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics of vilaprisan: An open-label, single-dose, parallel-group study.

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