Dataset Information

Co-circulation and persistence of multiple A/H3N2 influenza variants in China.

ABSTRACT: The spread of influenza A/H3N2 variants possessing the hemagglutinin 121?K mutation and the unexpectedly high incidence of influenza in the 2017-2018 northern hemisphere influenza season have raised serious concerns about the next pandemic. We summarized the national surveillance data of seasonal influenza in China and identified marked differences in influenza epidemics between northern and southern China, particularly the predominating subtype and the presence of an additional summer peak in southern China. Notably, a minor spring peak of influenza caused by a different virus subtype was also observed. We also revealed that the 3C.2a lineage was dominant from the summer of 2015 to the end of the 2015-2016 peak season in China, after which the 3C.2a2 lineage predominated despite the importation and co-circulation of the 121?K variants of 3C.2a1 and 3C.2a3 lineages at the global level. Finally, an analysis based on genetic distances revealed a delay in A/H3N2 vaccine strain update. Overall, our results highlight the complicated circulation pattern of seasonal influenza in China and the necessity for a timely vaccine strain update worldwide.

SUBMITTER: Shi W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6713139 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Co-circulation and persistence of multiple A/H3N2 influenza variants in China.

Shi Weifeng W Ke Changwen C Fang Shisong S Li Juan J Song Hao H Li Xiyan X Hu Tao T Wu Jie J Chen Tao T Yi Lina L Song Yingchao Y Wang Xin X Xing Weijia W Huang Weijuan W Xiao Hong H Liang Lijun L Peng Bo B Wu Weihua W Liu Hui H Liu William J WJ Holmes Edward C EC Gao George F GF Wang Dayan D

Emerging microbes & infections 20190101 1

The spread of influenza A/H3N2 variants possessing the hemagglutinin 121 K mutation and the unexpectedly high incidence of influenza in the 2017-2018 northern hemisphere influenza season have raised serious concerns about the next pandemic. We summarized the national surveillance data of seasonal influenza in China and identified marked differences in influenza epidemics between northern and southern China, particularly the predominating subtype and the presence of an additional summer peak in s ...[more]

PMID: 31373538

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Project description:BACKGROUND: In pandemic and epidemic forms, avian and human influenza viruses often cause significant damage to human society and economics. Gradually accumulated mutations on hemagglutinin (HA) cause immunologically distinct circulating strains, which lead to the antigenic drift (named as antigenic variants). The "antigenic variants" often requires a new vaccine to be formulated before each annual epidemic. Mapping the genetic evolution to the antigenic drift of influenza viruses is an emergent issue to public health and vaccine development RESULTS: We developed a method for identifying antigenic critical amino acid positions, rules, and co-mutated positions for antigenic variants. The information gain (IG) and the entropy are used to measure the score of an amino acid position on hemagglutinin (HA) for discriminating between antigenic variants and similar viruses. A position with high IG and entropy implied that this position is highly correlated to an antigenic drift. Nineteen positions with high IG and high genetic diversity are identified as antigenic critical positions on the HA proteins. Most of these antigenic critical positions are located on five epitopes or on the surface based on the HA structure. Based on IG values and entropies of these 19 positions on the HA, the decision tree was applied to create a rule-based model and to identify rules for predicting antigenic variants of a given two HA sequences which are often a vaccine strain and a circulating strain. The predicting accuracies of this model on two sets, which consist of a training set (181 hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays) and an independent test set (31,878 HI assays), are 91.2% and 96.2% respectively. CONCLUSION: Our method is able to identify critical positions, rules, and co-mutated positions on HA for predicting the antigenic variants. The information gains and the entropies of HA positions provide insight to the antigenic drift and co-evolution positions for influenza seasons. We believe that our method is robust and is potential useful for studying influenza virus evolution and vaccine development.

Dataset Information

Co-circulation and persistence of multiple A/H3N2 influenza variants in China.

Publications

Co-circulation and persistence of multiple A/H3N2 influenza variants in China.

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