Human metapneumovirus prevalence and patterns of subgroup persistence identified through surveillance of pediatric pneumonia hospital admissions in coastal Kenya, 2007-2016.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Oketch JW
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6716807 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Human metapneumovirus prevalence and patterns of subgroup persistence identified through surveillance of pediatric pneumonia hospital admissions in coastal Kenya, 2007-2016.
Oketch John W JW Kamau Everlyn E Otieno Grieven P GP Otieno James R JR Agoti Charles N CN Nokes D James DJ
BMC infectious diseases 20190830 1
<h4>Background</h4>Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is an important respiratory pathogen that causes seasonal epidemics of acute respiratory illness and contributes significantly to childhood pneumonia. Current knowledge and understanding on its patterns of spread, prevalence and persistence in communities in low resource settings is limited.<h4>Methods</h4>We present findings of a molecular-epidemiological analysis of nasal samples from children < 5 years of age admitted with syndromic pneumonia be ...[more]
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Project description:BACKGROUND:Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is an important global cause of severe acute respiratory infections in young children and the elderly. The epidemiology of HMPV in sub-Saharan Africa is poorly described and factors that allow its recurrent epidemics in communities not understood. METHODS:We undertook paediatric inpatient surveillance for HMPV in Kilifi County Hospital (KCH) of Coastal Kenya between 2007 and 2011. Nasopharyngeal samples collected from children aged 1 day-59 months admitted with severe or very severe pneumonia, were tested for HMPV using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Partial nucleotide sequences of the attachment (G) and fusion (F) surface proteins of positive samples were determined and phylogenetically analyzed. RESULTS:HMPV was detected in 4.8 % (160/3320) of children [73.8 % (118/160) of these less than one year of age], ranging between 2.9 and 8.8 % each year over the 5 years of study. HMPV infections were seasonal in occurrence, with cases predominant in the months of November through April. These months frequently coincided with low rainfall, high temperature and low relative humidity in the location. Phylogenetic analysis of partial F and G sequences revealed three subgroups of HMPV, A2 (74 %, 91/123), B1 (3.2 %, 4/123) and B2 (22.8 %, 28/123) in circulation, with subgroup A2 predominant in majority of the epidemic seasons. Comparison of G sequences (local and global) provided a greater phylogenetic resolution over comparison of F sequences and indicated presence of probable multiple G antigenic variants within the subgroups due to differences in amino acid sequence, encoded protein length and glycosylation patterns. CONCLUSION:The present study reveals HMPV is an important seasonal contributor to respiratory disease hospitalization in coastal Kenya, with an evolutionary pattern closely relating to that of respiratory syncytial virus.
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Project description: Background: Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) infection has significant economic impacts on the poultry industry all around the world. Aims: The aim of this study is molecular investigations of different types of aMPV in broiler farms in different provinces of Iran from 2016 to 2018. Methods: Tracheal and oropharyngeal swabs were collected from two hundred broiler chickens with respiratory signs in ten provinces of Iran, including Kurdistan, West Azerbaijan, Semnan, Esfahan, Sistan and Baluchistan, Qazvin, Khuzestan, Fars, Gilan, and Khorasan Razavi from February 2016 to December 2018. After RNA extraction, the presence of aMPV was confirmed using N gene special primers. Then, subtype-specific primers were utilized to differentiate the specific subtype. All positive samples were sequenced. Results: As a general trend, the percentage of aMPV positive chickens increased gradually over time. All samples were clustered together and placed in the subtype B aMPV group. Although 2 samples from 2016 and 2 samples from 2018 were placed in a separate branch, most of the current study samples of 2016, 2017, and 2018 revealed six segregated sub-branches, and they were placed close to other isolates of 2011 and 2013 from Iran. Conclusion: The current field study indicated the presence of aMPV in a considerable number of areas in Iran. Thus, the role of this virus in broiler respiratory complex should not be neglected.
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Project description:Avian metapneumovirus causes acute respiratory tract infection and reductions in egg production in various avian species. We isolated and characterized an increasingly prevalent avian metapneumovirus subgroup C strain from meat-type commercial chickens with severe respiratory signs in China. Culling of infected flocks could lead to economic consequences.
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