A Qualitative Study of Parents' Conceptualizations on Fever in Children Aged 0 to 12 Years.
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SUBMITTER: Villarejo-Rodriguez MG
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6720744 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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A Qualitative Study of Parents' Conceptualizations on Fever in Children Aged 0 to 12 Years.
Villarejo-Rodríguez María Gloria MG Rodríguez-Martín Beatriz B
International journal of environmental research and public health 20190816 16
Many parents experience "fever phobia", based on misconceptions regarding the repercussions of fever in their children. The aim of this paper was to explore the conceptualizations of parents who are health professionals and parents without health qualifications on childhood fever. This qualitative study was based on grounded theory using a triangulated sample (theoretical sampling and snowball sampling) of parents of children aged 0 to 12 years old who received care for fever in the Emergency Pr ...[more]
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Project description:BackgroundParental health literacy is associated with child health outcomes. Parents are increasingly turning to the internet to obtain health information. In response, health care providers are using digital interventions to communicate information to assist parents in managing their child's health conditions. Despite the emergence of interventions to improve parental health literacy, to date, no systematic evaluation of the effectiveness of the interventions has been undertaken.ObjectiveThe aim of this review is to examine the effect of digital health interventions on health literacy among parents of children aged 0-12 years with a health condition. This includes evaluating parents' engagement (use and satisfaction) with digital health interventions, the effect of these interventions on parental health knowledge and health behavior, and the subsequent impact on child health outcomes.MethodsThis systematic review was registered a priori on PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews) and developed according to the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for systematic reviews. The databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO were searched for relevant literature published between January 2010 and April 2021. Studies were included if they were written in English. A total of 2 authors independently assessed the search results and performed a critical appraisal of the studies.ResultsFollowing the review of 1351 abstracts, 31 (2.29%) studies were selected for full-text review. Of the 31 studies, 6 (19%) studies met the inclusion criteria. Of the 6 studies, 1 (17%) was excluded following the critical appraisal, and the 5 (83%) remaining studies were quantitative in design and included digital health interventions using web-based portals to improve parents' health knowledge and health behavior. Owing to heterogeneity in the reported outcomes, meta-analysis was not possible, and the findings were presented in narrative form. Of the 5 studies, satisfaction was measured in 3 (60%) studies, and all the studies reported high satisfaction with the digital intervention. All the studies reported improvement in parental health literacy at postintervention as either increase in disease-specific knowledge or changes in health behavior. Of the 5 studies, only 1 (20%) study included child health outcomes, and this study reported significant improvements related to increased parental health knowledge.ConclusionsIn response to a pandemic such as COVID-19, there is an increased need for evidence-based digital health interventions for families of children living with health conditions. This review has shown the potential of digital health interventions to improve health knowledge and behavior among parents of young children with a health condition. However, few digital health interventions have been developed and evaluated for this population. Future studies with robust research designs are needed and should include the potential benefits of increased parent health literacy for the child.Trial registrationPROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42020192386; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=192386.
| S-EPMC8734927 | biostudies-literature
Project description:OBJECTIVES:Snack foods-typically high in salt, sugar, fat and/or energy-are likely important to the obesity epidemic. In the context of a population-based health assessment involving parent-child dyads at child age 11-12 years, we report cross-generational concordance in intake at a controlled snack food observation. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study (Child Health CheckPoint), nested within the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. SETTING:Assessment centres in seven Australian cities, February 2015-March 2016. PARTICIPANTS:Of all participating CheckPoint families (n=1874), 1299 children (50.3% girls) and 1274 parents (85.9% mothers) with snack data were included. Survey weights and methods were applied to account for the clustered multistage sample design. OUTCOME MEASURES:Partway through the 3.5-hour assessment, parents and children attended Food Stop separately for a timed 15 min 'snack break'. One of four standardised box size/content combinations was randomly provided to all participants on any given day. Total food mass, energy, nutrients and sodium consumed was measured to the nearest 1 g. Pearson's correlation coefficients and adjusted multivariable linear regression models assessed parent-child concordance in each variable. RESULTS:Children consumed less grams (151 g [SD 80] vs 165 g [SD 79]) but more energy (1393 kJ [SD 537] vs 1290 kJ [SD 658]) than parents. Parent-child concordance coefficients were small, ranging from 0.07 for sodium intake to 0.17 for carbohydrate intake. Compared with children with parents' energy intake on the 10th centile, children whose parents were on the 90th centile ate on average 227 kJ more. If extrapolated to one similar unsupervised snack on a daily basis, this equates to an additional 83 050 kJ per year, which could have a cumulative impact on additional body fat. CONCLUSIONS:Although modest at an individual level, this measured parent-child concordance in unsupervised daily snack situations could account for substantial annual population differences in energy, fat and sodium intake for children aged 11-12 years. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER:ISRCTN12538380.
| S-EPMC6624032 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundSocial support has been associated with numerous positive outcomes for families' health, wellbeing and empowerment. This study examined which socio-demographic characteristics are associated with perceived social support among parents of children aged 0-7 years.MethodCross-sectional data of 1007 parents of children aged 0-7 years, gathered in the CIKEO cohort study in the Netherlands, were analysed. Social support was assessed with the Multi-dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Linear regression models were used to examine associations between socio-demographic characteristics and perceived social support.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 34.1 years (SD = 5.1); 92.9% were mothers. The multivariable regression model showed that fathers (β: -0.15, 95% CI: - 0.22, - 0.08), parents with a low educational level (β: -0.12, 95% CI: 0.18, - 0.06), parents with a low income (β: -0.10, 95% CI: - 0.19, - 0.01), unemployed parents (β: -0.14, 95% CI: - 0.20, - 0.07), and parents of older children (β: -0.07; 95% CI: - 0.13, 0.00) perceived lower levels of social support. Interaction analyses showed that parents with a migration background and a low educational level were particularly susceptible to perceiving lower levels of support (β: -0.34, 95% CI: - 0.52, - 0.15).ConclusionFathers, parents with a low educational level, parents with a low income, unemployed parents, parents of older children, and parents with both a migration background and a low educational level are at increased risk of perceiving lower levels of social support.ImplicationsWe recommend to develop, implement and evaluate intervention strategies to strengthen perceived social support among the abovementioned subgroups of parents, in order to improve families' health, wellbeing and empowerment.Trial registrationNTR7607 in the Netherlands trial registry.
| S-EPMC9795715 | biostudies-literature
Project description:AimMedia use may strengthen parents' capacities to deal with parenting issues. This study examined which factors are associated with media use for parenting information.DesignCross-sectional data of 658 parents of children aged 0-8 years, gathered in the CIKEO cohort study in the Netherlands, were analysed.MethodsMultivariable logistic regression models were used to examine which factors were associated with media use for parenting information.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 33.8 years (SD = 5.0); 94.7% were mothers; 77.4% used media for parenting information. Parents with more questions or concerns (OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.23, 1.59), and parents who received parenting information from their social contacts (OR: 5.57, 95% CI: 3.22, 9.61), had higher odds of media use for parenting information. Older parents (OR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.91, 1.00), and parents of older children (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.74, 0.95), had lower odds of media use for parenting information.
| S-EPMC8685885 | biostudies-literature
Project description:OBJECTIVES:To describe the distribution of albuminuria among Australian children aged 11-12 years and their parents, and assess its intergenerational concordance within parent-child dyads. DESIGN:Population-based cross-sectional study (the Child Health CheckPoint), nested within the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. SETTING:Assessment centres (seven Australian cities and eight regional towns) and home visits across Australia, February 2015 to March 2016. PARTICIPANTS:Of all participating CheckPoint families (n=1874), 1557 children (46.2% girls) and 1454 parents (85.5% mothers) provided random urine samples at the visit; samples from menstruating females were excluded. OUTCOME MEASURES:Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) and its components (urine albumin and creatinine concentration); albuminuria was defined as an ACR ≥3.4 mg/mmol. Pearson's correlation coefficients and multivariable linear regression models assessed parent-child concordance, using log-transformed data due to skewing. Survey weights and methods were applied to account for the complex sample design. RESULTS:The median ACR for children was 1.03 mg/mmol (IQR 0.65-1.97) and 1.01 mg/mmol (IQR 0.60-2.09) for adults. The median ACR was higher in girls (1.20, IQR 0.71-2.65) than boys (0.90, IQR 0.61-1.65) and in mothers (1.13, IQR 0.63-2.33) than fathers (0.66, IQR 0.41-1.05). Albuminuria was detected in 15.1% of children (girls 20.8%, boys 10.1%) and 13.5% of adults (15.1% mothers, 4.0% fathers) had albuminuria. There was a small correlation between parent and child ACR (Pearson correlation coefficient 0.06, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.12). CONCLUSIONS:Albuminuria is common among Australian children and adults, which is of concern because it predicts risk for kidney and cardiovascular disease, and mortality. The weak concordance among intergenerational pairs for urine ACR suggests either that genetic heritability is low or that it becomes evident only at later offspring life stages.
| S-EPMC6624040 | biostudies-literature
Project description:OBJECTIVES:Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics is high throughput and cost-effective, with the potential to improve the understanding of disease and risk. We examine the circulating metabolic profile by quantitative NMR metabolomics of a sample of Australian 11-12 year olds children and their parents, describe differences by age and sex, and explore the correlation of metabolites in parent-child dyads. DESIGN:The population-based cross-sectional Child Health CheckPoint study nested within the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. SETTING:Blood samples collected from CheckPoint participants at assessment centres in seven Australian cities and eight regional towns; February 2015-March 2016. PARTICIPANTS:1180 children and 1325 parents provided a blood sample and had metabolomics data available. This included 1133 parent-child dyads (518 mother-daughter, 469 mother-son, 68 father-daughter and 78 father-son). OUTCOME MEASURES:228 metabolic measures were obtained for each participant. We focused on 74 biomarkers including amino acid species, lipoprotein subclass measures, lipids, fatty acids, measures related to fatty acid saturation, and composite markers of inflammation and energy homeostasis. RESULTS:We identified differences in the concentration of specific metabolites between childhood and adulthood and in metabolic profiles in children and adults by sex. In general, metabolite concentrations were higher in adults than children and sex differences were larger in adults than in children. Positive correlations were observed for the majority of metabolites including isoleucine (CC 0.33, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.38), total cholesterol (CC 0.30, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.35) and omega 6 fatty acids (CC 0.28, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.34) in parent-child comparisons. CONCLUSIONS:We describe the serum metabolite profiles from mid-childhood and adulthood in a population-based sample, together with a parent-child concordance. Differences in profiles by age and sex were observed. These data will be informative for investigation of the childhood origins of adult non-communicable diseases and for comparative studies in other populations.
| S-EPMC6624050 | biostudies-literature
Project description:OBJECTIVES:To describe objectively measured sleep characteristics in children aged 11-12 years and in parents and to examine intergenerational concordance of sleep characteristics. DESIGN:Population-based cross-sectional study (the Child Health CheckPoint), nested within the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. SETTING:Data were collected between February 2015 and March 2016 across assessment centres in Australian major cities and selected regional towns. PARTICIPANTS:Of the participating CheckPoint families (n=1874), sleep data were available for 1261 children (mean age 12 years, 50% girls), 1358 parents (mean age 43.8 years; 88% mothers) and 1077 biological parent-child pairs. Survey weights were applied and statistical methods accounted for the complex sample design, stratification and clustering within postcodes. OUTCOME MEASURES:Parents and children were asked to wear a GENEActive wrist-worn accelerometer for 8 days to collect objective sleep data. Primary outcomes were average sleep duration, onset, offset, day-to-day variability and efficiency. All sleep characteristics were weighted 5:2 to account for weekdays versus weekends. Biological parent-child concordance was quantified using Pearson's correlation coefficients in unadjusted models and regression coefficients in adjusted models. RESULTS:The mean sleep duration of parents and children was 501 min (SD 56) and 565 min (SD 44), respectively; the mean sleep onset was 22:42 and 22:02, the mean sleep offset was 07:07 and 07:27, efficiency was 85.4% and 84.1%, and day-to-day variability was 9.9% and 7.4%, respectively. Parent-child correlation for sleep duration was 0.22 (95% CI 0.10 to 0.28), sleep onset was 0.42 (0.19 to 0.46), sleep offset was 0.58 (0.49 to 0.64), day-to-day variability was 0.25 (0.09 to 0.34) and sleep efficiency was 0.23 (0.10 to 0.27). CONCLUSIONS:These normative values for objective sleep characteristics suggest that, while most parents and children show adequate sleep duration, poor-quality (low efficiency) sleep is common. Parent-child concordance was strongest for sleep onset/offset, most likely reflecting shared environments, and modest for duration, variability and efficiency.
| S-EPMC6624061 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Strengthening social support has been recognized as a potentially effective strategy to enhance parenting self-efficacy, but empirical evidence is limited. This study examined the association between perceived social support and parenting self-efficacy.Data of 647 parents of children aged 0-8 years, gathered in the CIKEO cohort study in the Netherlands, were analysed. Data were collected between October 2017 and December 2019. Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine the association between social support and parenting self-efficacy. The mean age of the participants was 33.8 years (SD = 4.9); 94.9% mothers. At the start of the study, 15.1% parents perceived low to moderate social support. Parents who experienced lower levels of social support at the start of the study reported lower parenting self-efficacy at follow-up (β: 0.13; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.21), independent of potential socio-demographic confounders. Experiencing an increase in perceived social support during the study period was associated with an increase in parenting self-efficacy (β: 0.15; 95% CI: 0.10, 0.21). Our findings indicate perceived social support is associated with parenting self-efficacy among parents of children aged 0-8 years. Future longitudinal studies need to confirm our findings and may examine which social support interventions are effective in strengthening parenting self-efficacy.
| S-EPMC10541688 | biostudies-literature
Project description:OBJECTIVES:To describe distributions and concordance of retinal microvasculature measurements in a population-based sample of Australian parent-child dyads at child age 11-12 years. DESIGN:Cross-sectional Child Health CheckPoint study, between waves 6 and 7 of the national population-based Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC). SETTING:Assessment centres in seven Australian cities, February 2015-March 2016. PARTICIPANTS:Of the 1874 participating families, 1288 children (51% girls) and 1264 parents (87% mothers, mean age 43.7) were analysed. Diabetic participants and non-biological pairs were excluded from concordance analyses. OUTCOME MEASURES:Retinal photographs were taken by non-mydriatic fundus camera. Trained graders scored vascular calibre using semi-automated software, yielding estimates of central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE) and central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE) and arteriolar-venular ratio (AVR). Pearson's correlation coefficients and multivariable linear regression models assessed parent-child concordance. Survey weights and methods accounted for LSAC's complex sampling, stratification and clustering within postcodes. RESULTS:Mean (SD) of CRAE and CRVE were larger in children (159.5 (11.8) and 231.1 (16.5) μm, respectively) than parents (151.5 (14.0) and 220.6 (19.0) μm), yielding similar AVR (children 0.69 (0.05), parents 0.69 (0.06)). Correlation coefficients for parent-child pairs were 0.22 (95% CI 0.16 to 0.27) for CRAE, 0.23 (95% CI 0.17 to 0.28) for CRVE and 0.18 (95% CI 0.13 to 0.24) for AVR. Mother-child and father-child values were similar (0.20 and 0.32 for CRAE, 0.22 and 0.29 for CRVE, respectively). Relationships attenuated slightly on adjustment for age, sex, blood pressure, diabetes and body mass index. Percentiles and concordance are presented for the whole sample and by sex. CONCLUSIONS:Arteriolar and venular calibre were similar to previously documented measures in midlife adult and late childhood populations. Population parent-child concordance values align with moderate polygenic heritability reported in smaller studies.
| S-EPMC6624026 | biostudies-literature
Project description:OBJECTIVES:To describe the epidemiology of lung function in Australian children aged 11-12 years and their parents, and explore the degree of intergenerational concordance. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study (the Child Health CheckPoint) nested in the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC). SETTING:Assessment centres in seven Australian cities and eight regional towns, February 2015 to March 2016. Families unable to attend a clinic appointment were offered a home visit during the same period. PARTICIPANTS:1874 families (53% of all eligible) participated in the study. Lung function data were available for 1759 children aged 11-12 years and 1774 parents (1668 biological pairs). OUTCOME MEASURES:Participants completed spirometry with measures including forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and mid expiratory flow (MEF), converted to z-scores using Global Lung Initiative equations. Parent-child concordance was assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficients and multivariable linear regression models. Survey weights and methods accounted for LSAC's complex sampling, stratification and clustering within postcodes. RESULTS:All lung function measures followed approximately normal distributions. Mean (SD) for FEV1, FVC and MEF z-scores in children were 0.33 (1.07), 0.83 (1.14) and -0.48 (1.09), respectively. Mean (SD) in parents were 0.28 (1.10), 0.85 (1.15) and -0.45 (1.10), respectively. Parent FEV1, FVC and MEF were associated with child lung function with significant positive correlation coefficients (0.22, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.26; 0.24, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.29; and 0.24, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.29, respectively). CONCLUSIONS:Mean lung volumes were larger but with smaller airway size than international standards for both parents and children in this population sample. Modest associations between parent and child lung function highlight the potential for better identification of 'at risk' populations. Therefore, these findings may aid the development of health policy that aims to prevent the onset or limit the progression of lung disease.
| S-EPMC6624041 | biostudies-literature