Dataset Information

Antioxidant Versus Pro-Apoptotic Effects of Mushroom-Enriched Diets on Mitochondria in Liver Disease.

ABSTRACT: Mitochondria play a central role in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression and in the control of cell death signalling during the progression to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Associated with the metabolic syndrome, NAFLD is mostly driven by insulin-resistant white adipose tissue lipolysis that results in an increased hepatic fatty acid influx and the ectopic accumulation of fat in the liver. Upregulation of beta-oxidation as one compensatory mechanism leads to an increase in mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle flux and ATP generation. The progression of NAFLD is associated with alterations in the mitochondrial molecular composition and respiratory capacity, which increases their vulnerability to different stressors, including calcium and pro-inflammatory molecules, which result in an increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that, altogether, may ultimately lead to mitochondrial dysfunction. This may activate further pro-inflammatory pathways involved in the progression from steatosis to steatohepatitis (NASH). Mushroom-enriched diets, or the administration of their isolated bioactive compounds, have been shown to display beneficial effects on insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation by regulating nutrient uptake and lipid metabolism as well as modulating the antioxidant activity of the cell. In addition, the gut microbiota has also been described to be modulated by mushroom bioactive molecules, with implications in reducing liver inflammation during NAFLD progression. Dietary mushroom extracts have been reported to have anti-tumorigenic properties and to induce cell-death via the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. This calls for particular attention to the potential therapeutic properties of these natural compounds which may push the development of novel pharmacological options to treat NASH and HCC. We here review the diverse effects of mushroom-enriched diets in liver disease, emphasizing those effects that are dependent on mitochondria.

SUBMITTER: Fontes A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6720908 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Antioxidant Versus Pro-Apoptotic Effects of Mushroom-Enriched Diets on Mitochondria in Liver Disease.

Fontes Adriana A Alemany-Pagès Mireia M Oliveira Paulo J PJ Ramalho-Santos João J Zischka Hans H Azul Anabela Marisa AM

International journal of molecular sciences 20190816 16

Mitochondria play a central role in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression and in the control of cell death signalling during the progression to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Associated with the metabolic syndrome, NAFLD is mostly driven by insulin-resistant white adipose tissue lipolysis that results in an increased hepatic fatty acid influx and the ectopic accumulation of fat in the liver. Upregulation of beta-oxidation as one compensatory mechanism leads to an increase in mit ...[more]

PMID: 31426291

Similar Datasets

Project description:Liver cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-induced deaths worldwide. Liver cirrhosis and cancer are a consequence of the abnormal angio-architecture formation of liver and formation of new blood vessels. This angiogenesis is driven by overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (Hif1-α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Apart from this, protein kinase B (Akt) is also impaired in liver cancer. Despite the advancement in conventional treatments, liver cancer remains largely incurable. Nowadays, the use of naturally occurring anticancer agents particularly flavonoids is subject to more attention due to their enhanced physicochemical properties. Therefore, this study underlines the use of a natural anticancer agent taxifolin in the treatment of liver cancer using hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 and Huh7. The aim of our study is to devise a natural and efficient solution for the disease prevalent in Pakistan. The study involved the assessment of binding of ligand taxifolin using molecular docking. The binding of taxifolin with the proteins (Hif1-α, VEGF and Akt) was calculated by docking using Vina and Chimera. Further evaluation was performed by cell viability assay (MTT 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) Assay), colony formation assay, cell migration assay, DNA ladder assay and flow cytometry. To see whether taxifolin directly affected expression levels, analysis of gene expression of Hif1-α, VEGF and Akt was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting. In silico docking experiments revealed that these proteins showed favorable docking scores with taxifolin. Treatment with taxifolin resulted in the inhibition of the liver cancer growth and migration, and induced apoptosis in HepG2 and Huh7 cell lines at an inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 0.15 µM and 0.22 µM, respectively. The expression of HIF1-α, VEGF and Akt was significantly reduced in a dose- dependent manner. The inhibitory effect of taxifolin on hepatic cells suggested its chemopreventive and therapeutic potential. The studied compound taxifolin exhibited pronounced pro-apoptotic and hepatoprotective potential. Our study has confirmed the pro-apoptotic potential of taxifolin in liver cancer cell lines and will pave a way to the use of taxifolin as a chemotherapeutic agent after its further validation on the animal models and humans based epidemiological studies.

Project description:This study was conducted to examine the effects of varying selenium (Se) inclusion levels, in the form of Se-enriched mushroom powder (SeMP) and selenite, on post-weaning growth performance (Period 1; day 1−21), intestinal health and antioxidant capacity (Period 2; day 21−39). Weaned pigs were blocked according to live weight, sex and litter of origin and randomly assigned to the following experimental groups: basal (basal + selenite (0.3 ppm Se)); ZnO (basal + ZnO + selenite (0.3 ppm Se)); 0.15 SeMP (basal + SeMP (0.15 ppm Se)); 0.3 SeMP (basal + SeMP (0.3 ppm Se)) and 0.6 SeMP/Sel (basal + SeMP (0.3 ppm Se) + selenite (Sel) (0.3 ppm Se)) with eight replicates/experimental group. After 21 days, the ZnO experimental group was removed from the experiment and the remaining pigs continued on their respective diet until day 39 post-weaning (Period 2). In Period 1, 0.15 SeMP supplementation reduced (p < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and day 21 body weight, and increased (p < 0.05) faecal scores compared to the ZnO group. Supplementation with 0.3 SeMP and 0.6 SeMP/Sel during Period 1 resulted in similar (p > 0.05) ADG, ADFI, gain-to-feed ratio (G:F) and body weight compared to the ZnO group. However, 0.6 SeMP/Sel supplementation increased (p < 0.05) faecal scores compared to the ZnO group. In Period 2, 0.6 SeMP/Sel increased (p < 0.05) ADG, feed efficiency and day 39 body weight compared to the basal group. Supplementation with Se-enriched mushroom powder, at all inclusion levels, increased (p < 0.05) the abundance of Prevotellaceae and Prevotella, decreased (p < 0.05) the abundance of Sporobacter and increased (p < 0.05) the expression of SELENOP in the jejunum compared to the basal group. Lactobacillaceae and Lactobacillus was increased (p < 0.05) in 0.15 SeMP and 0.3 SeMP pigs compared to the basal group. Selenium deposition in muscle and liver tissue increased (p < 0.001) as a function of inclusion level while pigs supplemented with 0.3 ppm organic Se (0.3 SeMP) had an increase (p < 0.05) in total Se in the muscle compared to pigs supplemented with 0.3 ppm inorganic Se (basal). In conclusion, 0.3 SeMP supplementation led to positive effects on faecal scores and had similar pig performance compared to ZnO in Period 1, while the addition of 0.3 ppm selenite to 0.3 SeMP (0.6 SeMP/Sel) in Period 2 led to enhanced pig performance and aspects of gastrointestinal health.

Dataset Information

Antioxidant Versus Pro-Apoptotic Effects of Mushroom-Enriched Diets on Mitochondria in Liver Disease.

Publications

Antioxidant Versus Pro-Apoptotic Effects of Mushroom-Enriched Diets on Mitochondria in Liver Disease.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets