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Interferon lambda 4 impacts the genetic diversity of hepatitis C virus.

ABSTRACT: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a highly variable pathogen that frequently establishes chronic infection. This genetic variability is affected by the adaptive immune response but the contribution of other host factors is unclear. Here, we examined the role played by interferon lambda-4 (IFN-?4) on HCV diversity; IFN-?4 plays a crucial role in spontaneous clearance or establishment of chronicity following acute infection. We performed viral genome-wide association studies using human and viral data from 485 patients of white ancestry infected with HCV genotype 3a. We demonstrate that combinations of host genetic variants, which determine IFN-?4 protein production and activity, influence amino acid variation across the viral polyprotein - not restricted to specific viral proteins or HLA restricted epitopes - and modulate viral load. We also observed an association with viral di-nucleotide proportions. These results support a direct role for IFN-?4 in exerting selective pressure across the viral genome, possibly by a novel mechanism.

SUBMITTER: Ansari MA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6721795 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Interferon lambda 4 impacts the genetic diversity of hepatitis C virus.

Ansari M Azim MA Aranday-Cortes Elihu E Ip Camilla Lc CL da Silva Filipe Ana A Lau Siu Hin SH Bamford Connor C Bonsall David D Trebes Amy A Piazza Paolo P Sreenu Vattipally V Cowton Vanessa M VM Hudson Emma E Bowden Rory R Patel Arvind H AH Foster Graham R GR Irving William L WL Irving William L WL Agarwal Kosh K Thomson Emma C EC Simmonds Peter P Klenerman Paul P Holmes Chris C Barnes Eleanor E Spencer Chris Ca CC McLauchlan John J Pedergnana Vincent V

eLife 20190903

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a highly variable pathogen that frequently establishes chronic infection. This genetic variability is affected by the adaptive immune response but the contribution of other host factors is unclear. Here, we examined the role played by interferon lambda-4 (IFN-λ4) on HCV diversity; IFN-λ4 plays a crucial role in spontaneous clearance or establishment of chronicity following acute infection. We performed viral genome-wide association studies using human and viral data fr ...[more]

PMID: 31478835

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Cytokines are proteins that mediate innate and adaptive immunity responses. It is hypothesized that interferon lambda 3 (IFNL3) levels can influence the outcome of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Polymorphisms in IFN genes have been associated with response to infection. OBJECTIVES:This study was carried-out to investigate the association of IFNL3 gene polymorphisms (rs12979860 and rs8099917) with HBV susceptibility, in chronic HBV-infected patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS:In this case-control study, we determined IFNL3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs12979860 and rs8099917) in 221 individuals, with chronic HBV infection, and 200 healthy individuals, who were voluntary blood donors, with negative test for HBV. Alleles and genotypes analyses were performed by amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. RESULTS:The frequencies of the rs12979860 and rs8099917 genotypes were not significantly different between the HBV-infected and the control groups (CC:CT:TT of 30.3%:48.0%:21.7% vs. 33.0%:49.0%:18.0%, P > 0.05, and GG:GT:TT of 5.8%:39.4%:54.8% vs. 5.0%:41.0%:54.0%, P > 0.05, respectively). Also, the frequencies of the alleles were not significantly different between both groups (C:T of 54.3%:45.7% vs. 57.5%:42.5%, P > 0.05, and G:T of 25.6%:74.4% vs. 25.5%:74.5%, P > 0.05, respectively) and the chronic HBV infection. There were no significant differences between patients, with at least one rs12979860C and or rs8099917T alleles compared to the healthy controls (rs12979860: CT + CC:TT, OR = 1.26, 95%CI = 0.78 - 2.04, P = 0.341 and rs8099917: GT + TT:GG, OR = 1.03, 95%CI = 0.70 - 1.51, P = 0.877, respectively). CONCLUSIONS:Our study showed no correlation between rs12979860 and rs8099917 SNPs and chronic HBV infection. Further studies, with larger sample sizes and different ethnicities, are necessary to validate our findings.

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Interferon lambda 4 impacts the genetic diversity of hepatitis C virus.

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Interferon lambda 4 impacts the genetic diversity of hepatitis C virus.

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