Dataset Information

Uric Acid and Plant-Based Nutrition.

ABSTRACT: Plant-based diets (PBDs) are associated with decreased risk of morbidity and mortality associated with important noncommunicable chronic diseases. Similar to animal-based food sources (e.g., meat, fish, and animal visceral organs), some plant-based food sources (e.g., certain soy legume products, sea vegetables, and brassica vegetables) also contain a high purine load. Suboptimally designed PBDs might consequently be associated with increased uric acid levels and gout development. Here, we review the available data on this topic, with a great majority of studies showing reduced risk of hyperuricemia and gout with vegetarian (especially lacto-vegetarian) PBDs. Additionally, type of ingested purines, fiber, vitamin C, and certain lifestyle factors work in concordance to reduce uric acid generation in PBDs. Recent limited data show that even with an exclusive PBD, uric acid concentrations remain in the normal range in short- and long-term dieters. The reasonable consumption of plant foods with a higher purine content as a part of PBDs may therefore be safely tolerated in normouricemic individuals, but additional data is needed in hyperuricemic individuals, especially those with chronic kidney disease.

SUBMITTER: Jakse B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6722549 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Uric Acid and Plant-Based Nutrition.

Jakše Boštjan B Jakše Barbara B Pajek Maja M Pajek Jernej J

Nutrients 20190726 8

Plant-based diets (PBDs) are associated with decreased risk of morbidity and mortality associated with important noncommunicable chronic diseases. Similar to animal-based food sources (e.g<i>.</i>, meat, fish, and animal visceral organs), some plant-based food sources (e.g<i>.</i>, certain soy legume products, sea vegetables, and brassica vegetables) also contain a high purine load. Suboptimally designed PBDs might consequently be associated with increased uric acid levels and gout development. ...[more]

PMID: 31357560

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Project description:BackgroundDietary patterns play an important role in regulating serum uric acid levels in the body, but evidence for the association between different kinds of plant-based and animal-based dietary patterns and individual serum uric acid levels is scarce and inconsistent.MethodsWe analyzed data from the sixth wave of the China Health and Nutrition Survey. The plant-based diet of 7,806 participants was determined using three consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls, and latent profile analysis was used to identify dietary patterns among participants. Serum uric acid levels were analyzed using the enzymatic colorimetric method. The association between intakes of different types of dietary pattern and individual serum uric acid levels was analyzed using linear regression analysis, after adjusting for confounding variables.ResultsWe identified three types of plant-based dietary patterns, namely, low tuber starches and vegetable plant-based diet (LTVP), high cereal, tuber starches and vegetable plant-based diet (HCTVP), and high legume and fruit plant-based diet (HLFP). We also identified three types of animal-based dietary patterns, namely, high milk and egg animal-based diet (HMiEA), low egg and fish animal-based diet, and high meat and fish animal-based diet (HMeFA). Significant coefficients for participant serum uric acid levels were observed for the HCTVP diet (β = -0.022, P = 0.031) and HMeFA diet (β = 0.061, P < 0.001). The median intake of foods in the HCTVP diet was as follows: cereals and cereal products, 444.83 g/d; tubers and starch products, 166.67 g/d; dried legumes and legume products, 8.33 g/d; vegetables and vegetable products, 333.33 g/d; and fruits and fruit products, 0 g/d. The median intake of foods in the HMeFA diet was as follows: meat and meat products, 73.33 g/d; poultry and poultry products, 0 g/d; milk and milk products, 0 g/d; eggs and egg products, 26.67 g/d; and fish, shellfish, and mollusks, 180.00 g/d.ConclusionWe showed that individual serum uric acid levels (1) might decrease under the plant-based HCTVP diet, (2) might increase under the animal-based HMeFA diet, (3) might not decrease under the plant-based HLFP diet, and (4) might not increase under the animal-based HMiEA diet. Further studies are needed to confirm these associations.

Project description:BackgroundBreast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) and multidrug resistance protein 4 (MRP4) are involved in uric acid excretion in humans and mice. Despite evidence suggesting that renal proximal tubular epithelial cells participate in uric acid excretion in chickens, the roles of BCRP and MRP4 therein remain unclear. This study evaluated the relationship between BCRP and MRP4 expression and renal function in chickens.ResultsSixty laying hens were randomly divided into four treatment groups: a control group (NC) fed a basal diet; a sulfonamide-treated group (SD) fed the basal diet and supplemented with sulfamonomethoxine sodium via drinking water (8 mg/L); a fish meal group (FM) fed the basal diet supplemented with 16% fishmeal; and a uric acid injection group (IU) fed the basal diet and intraperitoneally injected with uric acid (250 mg/kg body weight). The results showed that serum uric acid, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen levels were significantly higher in the SD and IU, but not FM, than in the NC groups. Renal tubular epithelial cells in the SD and IU groups were damaged. Liver BCRP and MRP4 mRNA and protein levels were significantly decreased in the SD and IU groups, but slightly increased in the FM group. In the SD group, BCRP and MRP4 were significantly increased in the ileum and slightly increased in the kidney. In the FM group, BCRP and MRP4 were significantly increased in the kidney and slightly increased in the ileum. In the IU group, BCRP and MRP4 were significantly increased in the kidney and ileum. BCRP and MRP4 expression in the jejunum was not affected by the treatments.ConclusionTogether, these results demonstrate that BCRP and MRP4 are involved in renal and intestinal uric acid excretion in chickens and that BCRP is positively related to MRP4 expression. Further, impairment of renal function results in an increase in serum uric acid as well as a compensatory increase in BCRP and MRP4 in the ileum; however, under normal renal function, renal BCRP and MRP4 are the main regulators of uric acid excretion.

Project description:BackgroundAccumulating evidence suggests that elevated serum uric acid (SUA) may be a risk factor for hypertriglyceridemia (HTG). However, the epidemiological evidence for the association between SUA and HTG is limited. This article aimed to use the data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2007-2018) database to bridge the research gap.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used data from 10027 adults involved in NHANES from 2007-2018. We designed the exposure variable as SUA and the outcome variable as HTG. The covariates included demographics, questionnaires, laboratory, and examination information. Weighted logistic regression and subgroup analysis were used to explore the independent association between SUA and HTG. Furthermore, interaction tests were also carried out to evaluate the strata differences. Generalized additive models (GAM), smooth curve fittings, and threshold effect analysis were applied to examine the non-linear relationship.ResultsA total of 10027 participants were included, of which 3864 were HTG participants and 6163 were non-HTG participants. After fully adjusting for confounders, weighted multiple logistic regression models revealed a 77% increase in the risk of HTG when each unit of log2-SUA increased. There was also a positive association between elevated log2-SUA and developed risk of HTG in the quartile (Q) groups (Q1 OR: 1.00; Q2 OR: 1.17 [95%CI: 0.95,1.45]; Q3 OR: 1.43 [95%CI: 1.16,1.78]; Q4 OR: 1.68 [95%CI: 1.36,2.08]. The subgroup analysis results remained consistent across strata, with a strong positive correlation between SUA and HTG. Interaction tests showed no dependence on physical activity (PA), gender, BMI, smoking status, alcohol intake, hypertension, and diabetes for this positive association between log2-SUA and HTG (all p for interaction >0.05). The participants' age may impact the strength of the association between SUA and HTG (p for interaction <0.05).ConclusionThere is a positive association between SUA and HTG in US adults. Considering that SUA may be a risk factor for HTG, individuals diagnosed with HTG should prioritize the daily management of SUA as part of their comprehensive care.

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Uric Acid and Plant-Based Nutrition.

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Uric Acid and Plant-Based Nutrition.

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