Dataset Information

Association of Lactase Persistence Genotypes (rs4988235) and Ethnicity with Dairy Intake in a Healthy U.S. Population.

ABSTRACT: Lactase persistence (LP) is a trait in which lactose can be digested throughout adulthood, while lactase non-persistence (LNP) can cause lactose intolerance and influence dairy consumption. One single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP ID: rs4988235) is often used as a predictor for dairy intake, since it is responsible for LP in people in European descent, and can occur in other ethnic groups. The objective of this study was to determine whether rs4988235 genotypes and ethnicity influence reported dairy consumption in the United States (U.S.). A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and multiple Automated Self-Administered 24-h recalls (ASA24®) were used to measure habitual and recent intake, respectively, of total dairy, cheese, cow's milk, plant-based alternative milk, and yogurt in a multi-ethnic U.S. cohort genotyped for rs4988235. Within Caucasian subjects, LP individuals reported consuming more recent total dairy and habitual total cow's milk intake. For subjects of all ethnicities, LP individuals consumed more cheese (FFQ p = 0.043, ASA24 p = 0.012) and recent total dairy (ASA24 p = 0.005). For both dietary assessments, Caucasians consumed more cheese than all non-Caucasians (FFQ p = 0.036, ASA24 p = 0.002) independent of genotype, as well as more recent intake of yogurt (ASA24 p = 0.042). LP subjects consumed more total cow's milk than LNP, but only when accounting for whether subjects were Caucasian or not (FFQ p = 0.015). Fluid milk and alternative plant-based milk consumption were not associated with genotypes or ethnicity. Our results show that both LP genotype and ethnicity influence the intake of some dairy products in a multi-ethnic U.S. cohort, but the ability of rs4988235 genotypes to predict intake may depend on ethnic background, the specific dairy product, and whether intake is reported on a habitual or recent basis. Therefore, ethnicity and the dietary assessment method should also be considered when determining the suitability of rs4988235 as a proxy for dairy intake.

SUBMITTER: Chin EL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6723957 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Association of Lactase Persistence Genotypes (rs4988235) and Ethnicity with Dairy Intake in a Healthy U.S. Population.

Chin Elizabeth L EL Huang Liping L Bouzid Yasmine Y YY Kirschke Catherine P CP Durbin-Johnson Blythe B Baldiviez Lacey M LM Bonnel Ellen L EL Keim Nancy L NL Korf Ian I Stephensen Charles B CB Lemay Danielle G DG

Nutrients 20190810 8

Lactase persistence (LP) is a trait in which lactose can be digested throughout adulthood, while lactase non-persistence (LNP) can cause lactose intolerance and influence dairy consumption. One single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP ID: rs4988235) is often used as a predictor for dairy intake, since it is responsible for LP in people in European descent, and can occur in other ethnic groups. The objective of this study was to determine whether rs4988235 genotypes and ethnicity influence reported da ...[more]

PMID: 31405126

Similar Datasets

Project description:Abstract Objectives Lactase persistence (LP) is a heritable trait in which lactose can be digested into adulthood. Lactase non-persisters (LNP) who consume lactose may experience microbial adaptations in response to the undigested lactose. The objective of this study was to determine the interaction between lactose consumption, LP genotype and gut microbiota in an observational cross-sectional study of healthy U.S. adults. Methods ASA24 dietary data and stool samples were collected from healthy U.S. adults genotyped for the lactase persistence SNP ID: rs4988235 (n = 280). Lactose was estimated by matching ASA24-reported foods to foods in the Nutrition Coordinating Center Food and Nutrient Database. The 16S rRNA V4/V5 region, amplified from bacterial DNA extracted from each frozen stool sample, was sequenced using Illumina MiSeq (300bp PE) and analyzed using Qiime 2 (v 2019.10). Bacterial sequence counts present at greater than 0.1% of the total data set were analyzed using DESeq2 and LEfSe. Taxa that were differentially abundant by both analyses at the family or genus level are reported here. Results On average 246 ng/uL (3.9 – 646.5ng/uL) DNA was obtained from each sample, yielding 21,470 sequences (10,122 – 56,837). LP genotypes were unevenly distributed by ethnicity and Clostridium (family Lachnospiraceae) was significantly enriched in Asian ethnicities. Therefore, only Caucasian and Hispanic participants were grouped as LP (AA or AG genotype) or LNP (GG genotype) for further analysis. The abundance of Roseburia and family Lachnospriaceae was higher in the upper (>12.4g), relative to lower (< 5.78g), tertile of lactose consumption in LNP adults, but not in LP. Conclusions Increased abundance of Roseburia, a microbe capable of utilizing lactose, in LNP individuals consuming >12.4 g lactose/day suggests that this genus may metabolize lactose in LNP adults. Funding Sources The California Dairy Research Foundation and the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service.

Project description:Abstract Objectives Lactase persistence (LP), a heritable trait in which lactose can be digested throughout adulthood, is often used to predict dairy intake. However, it is currently unknown how LP relates to daily lactose consumption in healthy US adults. The objective of the study was to estimate lactose from foods reported in the Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24) and to compare lactose and total dairy consumption in relation to LP genotypes. Methods ASA24 dietary data were collected from healthy Caucasians and Hispanics (n = 215) genotyped for the lactase persistence SNP ID: rs4988235. ASA24 outputs servings of dairy but not the nutrient lactose. Lactose was estimated by matching ASA24-reported foods to foods in the Nutrition Coordinating Center Food and Nutrient Database, which outputs lactose. Analysis of covariance was used to identify whether genotype influenced lactose and total dairy consumption with total energy intake and weight as covariates. Pairwise testing was conducted on the adjusted means using the Tukey adjustment to correct for multiple testing. Results Median lactose consumption for subjects with the AA genotype (homozygous LP) was 12.08 g (min: 0.91 g, max: 81.85 g), 10.05 g (min: 0.46 g, max: 45.82) for subjects with the AG genotype (heterozygous LP), and 8.97 g (min: 0.47, max: 38.96 g) for subjects with the GG genotype (homozygous lactase non-persistent). AA subjects consumed more lactose than GG subjects (P = 0.024). When stratifying by sex, there were no significant differences among genotypes in women, although GG women consumed the least amount of lactose compared to AA and AG women. AA men consumed more lactose than AG (P = 0.028) and GG men (P = 0.032). Subjects with the AA genotype consumed the most, and GG subjects the least amount of dairy. However, there were no significant differences in total dairy consumption among genotypes. Conclusions The median amount of lactose consumed daily by healthy adults is 9–12 g/day, with higher consumption by those with an LP genotype. Total dairy intake was not significantly influenced by genotype, highlighting the value in specifically estimating lactose consumption. Maximal lactose intake by lactase non-persisters exceeding 15 g/day suggests alternate routes of lactose catabolism. Funding Sources The California Dairy Research Foundation and the USDA-ARS.

Project description:BackgroundThe ability of adult humans to digest the milk sugar lactose - lactase persistence - is a dominant Mendelian trait that has been a subject of extensive genetic, medical and evolutionary research. Lactase persistence is common in people of European ancestry as well as some African, Middle Eastern and Southern Asian groups, but is rare or absent elsewhere in the world. The recent identification of independent nucleotide changes that are strongly associated with lactase persistence in different populations worldwide has led to the possibility of genetic tests for the trait. However, it is highly unlikely that all lactase persistence-associated variants are known. Using an extensive database of lactase persistence phenotype frequencies, together with information on how those data were collected and data on the frequencies of lactase persistence variants, we present a global summary of the extent to which current genetic knowledge can explain lactase persistence phenotype frequency.ResultsWe used surface interpolation of Old World lactase persistence genotype and phenotype frequency estimates obtained from all available literature and perform a comparison between predicted and observed trait frequencies in continuous space. By accommodating additional data on sample numbers and known false negative and false positive rates for the various lactase persistence phenotype tests (blood glucose and breath hydrogen), we also apply a Monte Carlo method to estimate the probability that known lactase persistence-associated allele frequencies can explain observed trait frequencies in different regions.ConclusionLactase persistence genotype data is currently insufficient to explain lactase persistence phenotype frequency in much of western and southern Africa, southeastern Europe, the Middle East and parts of central and southern Asia. We suggest that further studies of genetic variation in these regions should reveal additional nucleotide variants that are associated with lactase persistence.

Project description:BACKGROUND: Fulani are a widely spread African ethnic group characterized by lower susceptibility to Plasmodium falciparum, clinical malaria morbidity and higher rate of lactase persistence compared to sympatric tribes. Lactase non-persistence, often called lactose intolerance, is the normal condition where lactase activity in the intestinal wall declines after weaning. Lactase persistence, common in Europe, and in certain African people with traditions of raising cattle, is caused by polymorphisms in the enhancer region approximately 14 kb upstream of the lactase gene. METHODS: To evaluate the relationship between malaria and lactase persistence genotypes, a 400 bp region surrounding the main European C/T-13910 polymorphism upstream of the lactase gene was sequenced. DNA samples used in the study originated from 162 Fulani and 79 Dogon individuals from Mali. RESULTS: Among 79 Dogon only one heterozygote of the lactase enhancer polymorphism was detected, whereas all others were homozygous for the ancestral C allele. Among the Fulani, the main European polymorphism at locus C/T-13910 was by far the most common polymorphism, with an allele frequency of 37%. Three other single-nucleotide polymorphisms were found with allele frequencies of 3.7%, 1.9% and 0.6% each. The novel DNA polymorphism T/C-13906 was seen in six heterozygous Fulani. Among the Fulani with lactase non-persistence CC genotypes at the C/T-13910 locus, 24% had malaria parasites detectable by microscopy compared to 18% for lactase persistent genotypes (P = 0.29). Pooling the lactase enhancer polymorphisms to a common presumptive genotype gave 28% microscopy positives for non-persistent and 17% for others (P = 0.11). CONCLUSIONS: Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia in asymptomatic Fulani is more common in individuals with lactase non-persistence genotypes, but this difference is not statistically significant. The potential immunoprotective properties of dietary cow milk as a reason for the partial malaria resistance of Fulani warrant further investigation.

Project description:Background: Whether high dairy consumption is related to longevity is still unclear, and additional studies of prospective cohorts with high-quality dietary data from populations with wide consumption ranges are needed. Objective: To examine the association between dairy consumption and mortality in a Swedish cohort. Design: Among 26,190 participants (62% females, 45-73 years old) without diabetes and cardiovascular disease from the population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort, 7,156 individuals died during a mean follow-up time of 19 years. Data on intake of dairy (non-fermented milk, fermented milk, cheese, cream and butter) were collected from 7 day food records and food questionnaires. A genetic marker (rs4988235) associated with lactase persistence was detected among 22,234 individuals born in Sweden. Results: Higher intakes up to 1,000 g/day of non-fermented milk were associated with only marginal higher mortality rates after adjusting for potential confounders. However, intakes above 1,000 g/day (1.5% of the population) were associated with 34% (95% CI: 14, 59%, p-trend=0.002) higher mortality compared to that with < 200 g/day. Fermented milk and cheese intake were inversely associated with mortality. Cream showed a protective association only among men. Butter was not associated with mortality. CT/TT genotype carriers (i.e., individuals with lactase persistence) had a 27% higher reported consumption of non-fermented milk, and non-significant higher mortality risk (HR = 1.08; 95% CI = 0.96, 1.23; p = 0.20) than CC genotype carriers. Conclusions: Higher mortality rates were mainly observed among participants consuming more than 1,000 g of non-fermented milk per day. In contrast, fermented milk and cheese were associated with lower mortality. Because dairy products differ in composition, it is important to examine them separately in their relation to health and disease. The use of a genetic variant as an objective marker of lactose-containing milk intake should be examined in relation to mortality in a larger population.

Dataset Information

Association of Lactase Persistence Genotypes (rs4988235) and Ethnicity with Dairy Intake in a Healthy U.S. Population.

Publications

Association of Lactase Persistence Genotypes (rs4988235) and Ethnicity with Dairy Intake in a Healthy U.S. Population.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets