Dataset Information

Response Errors in Females' and Males' Sentence Lipreading Necessitate Structurally Different Models for Predicting Lipreading Accuracy.

ABSTRACT: Lipreaders recognize words with phonetically impoverished stimuli, an ability that is generally poor in normal-hearing adults. Individual sentence lipreading trials from 341 young adults were modeled to predict words and phonemes correct in terms of measures of phoneme response dissimilarity (PRD), number of inserted incorrect response phonemes, lipreader gender, and a measure of speech perception in noise. Interactions with lipreaders' gender necessitated structurally different models of males' and females' lipreading. Overall, female lipreaders are more accurate, their ability to recognize words with impoverished or degraded input is consistent across visual and auditory modalities, and they amplify their correct responding through top-down insertion of text. Males' responses suggest that individuals with poorer auditory speech perception in noise amplify their responses by shifting towards including text in their response that is more perceptually discrepant from the stimulus. Attention to gender differences merits attention in future studies that use visual speech stimuli.

SUBMITTER: Bernstein LE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6724546 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Response Errors in Females' and Males' Sentence Lipreading Necessitate Structurally Different Models for Predicting Lipreading Accuracy.

Bernstein Lynne E LE

Language learning 20180226 Suppl 1

Lipreaders recognize words with phonetically impoverished stimuli, an ability that is generally poor in normal-hearing adults. Individual sentence lipreading trials from 341 young adults were modeled to predict words and phonemes correct in terms of measures of phoneme response dissimilarity (PRD), number of inserted incorrect response phonemes, lipreader gender, and a measure of speech perception in noise. Interactions with lipreaders' gender necessitated structurally different models of males' ...[more]

PMID: 31485084

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Project description:BackgroundKnee joint geometry has been associated with risk of suffering an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury; however, few studies have utilized multivariate analysis to investigate how different aspects of knee joint geometry combine to influence ACL injury risk.HypothesesCombinations of knee geometry measurements are more highly associated with the risk of suffering a noncontact ACL injury than individual measurements, and the most predictive combinations of measurements are different for males and females.Study designCase-control study; Level of evidence, 3.MethodsA total of 88 first-time, noncontact, grade III ACL-injured subjects and 88 uninjured matched-control subjects were recruited, and magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired. The geometry of the tibial plateau subchondral bone, articular cartilage, and meniscus; geometry of the tibial spines; and size of the femoral intercondylar notch and ACL were measured. Multivariate conditional logistic regression was used to develop risk models for ACL injury in females and males separately.ResultsFor females, the best fitting model included width of the femoral notch at its anterior outlet and the posterior-inferior-directed slope of the lateral compartment articular cartilage surface, where a millimeter decrease in notch width and a degree increase in slope were independently associated with a 50% and 32% increase in risk of ACL injury, respectively. For males, a model that included ACL volume and the lateral compartment posterior meniscus to subchondral bone wedge angle was most highly associated with risk of ACL injury, where a 0.1 cm3 decrease in ACL volume (approximately 8% of the mean value) and a degree decrease in meniscus wedge angle were independently associated with a 43% and 23% increase in risk, correspondingly.ConclusionCombinations of knee joint geometry measurements provided more information about the risk of noncontact ACL injury than individual measures, and the aspects of geometry that best explained the relationship between knee geometry and the risk of injury were different between males and females. Consequently, a female with both a decreased femoral notch width and an increased posterior-inferior-directed lateral compartment tibial articular cartilage slope combined or a male with a decreased ACL volume and decreased lateral compartment posterior meniscus angle were most at risk for sustaining an ACL injury.

Dataset Information

Response Errors in Females' and Males' Sentence Lipreading Necessitate Structurally Different Models for Predicting Lipreading Accuracy.

Publications

Response Errors in Females' and Males' Sentence Lipreading Necessitate Structurally Different Models for Predicting Lipreading Accuracy.

Similar Datasets

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