Dataset Information

Lifestyle of women before pregnancy and the risk of offspring obesity during childhood through early adulthood.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:In women, adhering to an overall healthy lifestyle is associated with a dramatically reduced risk of cardio-metabolic disorders. Whether such a healthy lifestyle exerts an intergenerational effects on child health deserves examination. METHODS:We included 5701 children (9-14 years old at baseline) of the Growing Up Today Study 2, and their mothers, who are participants in the Nurses' Health Study II. Pre-pregnancy healthy lifestyle was defined as a normal body mass index, no smoking, physical activity ?150?min/week, and diet in the top 40% of the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010. Obesity during childhood and adolescence was defined using the International Obesity Task Force age- and sex-specific cutoffs. Multivariable log-binominal regression models with generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate the association of pre-pregnancy healthy lifestyle and offspring obesity. RESULTS:We identified 520 (9.1%) offspring who became obese during follow-up. A healthy body weight of mothers and no smoking before pregnancy was significantly associated with a lower risk of obesity among offspring: the relative risks [RRs; 95% confidence intervals (CIs)] were 0.37 (0.31-0.43) and 0.64 (0.49-0.84), respectively. Eating a healthy diet and regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activities were inversely related to offspring obesity risk, but these relations were not statistically significant. Compared to children of mothers who did not meet any low-risk lifestyle factors, offspring of women who adhered to all four healthy lifestyle factors had 75% lower risk of obesity (RR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.14-0.43). CONCLUSION:Adherence to an overall healthy lifestyle before pregnancy is strongly associated with a low risk of offspring obesity in childhood, adolescence, and early adulthood. These findings highlight the importance of an overall healthy lifestyle before pregnancy as a potential strategy to prevent obesity in future generations.

SUBMITTER: Dhana K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6727198 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Lifestyle of women before pregnancy and the risk of offspring obesity during childhood through early adulthood.

Dhana Klodian K Zong Geng G Yuan Changzheng C Schernhammer Eva E Zhang Cuilin C Wang Xiaobin X Hu Frank B FB Chavarro Jorge E JE Field Alison E AE Sun Qi Q

International journal of obesity (2005) 20180303 7

<h4>Background</h4>In women, adhering to an overall healthy lifestyle is associated with a dramatically reduced risk of cardio-metabolic disorders. Whether such a healthy lifestyle exerts an intergenerational effects on child health deserves examination.<h4>Methods</h4>We included 5701 children (9-14 years old at baseline) of the Growing Up Today Study 2, and their mothers, who are participants in the Nurses' Health Study II. Pre-pregnancy healthy lifestyle was defined as a normal body mass inde ...[more]

PMID: 29568108

Similar Datasets

Project description:ImportanceCesarean birth has been associated with higher risk of obesity in offspring, but previous studies have focused primarily on childhood obesity and have been hampered by limited control for confounders.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between cesarean birth and risk of obesity in offspring.Design, setting, and participantsA prospective cohort study was conducted from September 1, 1996, to December 31, 2012, among participants of the Growing Up Today Study, including 22 068 offspring born to 15 271 women, followed up via questionnaire from ages 9 to 14 through ages 20 to 28 years. Data analysis was conducted from October 10, 2015, to June 14, 2016.ExposureBirth by cesarean delivery.Main outcomes and measuresRisk of obesity based on International Obesity Task Force or World Health Organization body mass index cutoffs, depending on age. Secondary outcomes included risks of obesity associated with changes in mode of delivery and differences in risk between siblings whose modes of birth were discordant.ResultsOf the 22 068 offspring (20 950 white; 9359 male and 12 709 female), 4921 individuals (22.3%) were born by cesarean delivery. The cumulative risk of obesity through the end of follow-up was 13% among all participants. The adjusted risk ratio for obesity among offspring delivered via cesarean birth vs those delivered via vaginal birth was 1.15 (95% CI, 1.06-1.26; P = .002). This association was stronger among women without known indications for cesarean delivery (adjusted risk ratio, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.09-1.54; P = .004). Offspring delivered via vaginal birth among women who had undergone a previous cesarean delivery had a 31% (95% CI, 17%-47%) lower risk of obesity compared with those born to women with repeated cesarean deliveries. In within-family analysis, individuals born by cesarean delivery had 64% (8%-148%) higher odds of obesity than did their siblings born via vaginal delivery.Conclusions and relevanceCesarean birth was associated with offspring obesity after accounting for major confounding factors. Although additional research is needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying this association, clinicians and patients should weigh this risk when considering cesarean delivery in the absence of a clear indication.

Project description:ImportanceThe in utero metabolic milieu is associated with offspring adiposity. Standard definitions of maternal obesity (according to prepregnancy body mass index [BMI]) and gestational diabetes (GDM) may not be adequate to capture subtle yet important differences in the intrauterine environment that could be involved in programming.ObjectivesTo identify maternal metabolic subgroups during pregnancy and to examine associations of subgroup classification with adiposity traits in their children.Design, setting, and participantsThis cohort study included mother-offspring pairs in the Healthy Start prebirth cohort (enrollment: 2010-2014) recruited from University of Colorado Hospital obstetrics clinics in Aurora, Colorado. Follow-up of women and children is ongoing. Data were analyzed from March to December 2022.ExposuresMetabolic subtypes of pregnant women ascertained by applying k-means clustering on 7 biomarkers and 2 biomarker indices measured at approximately 17 gestational weeks: glucose, insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides, free fatty acids (FFA), HDL-C:triglycerides ratio, and tumor necrosis factor α.Main outcomes and measuresOffspring birthweight z score and neonatal fat mass percentage (FM%). In childhood at approximately 5 years of age, offspring BMI percentile, FM%, BMI in the 95th percentile or higher, and FM% in the 95th percentile or higher.ResultsA total of 1325 pregnant women (mean [SD] age, 27.8 [6.2 years]; 322 [24.3%] Hispanic, 207 non-Hispanic Black [15.6%], and 713 [53.8%] non-Hispanic White), and 727 offspring with anthropometric data measured in childhood (mean [SD] age 4.81 [0.72] years, 48% female) were included. We identified the following 5 maternal metabolic subgroups: reference (438 participants), high HDL-C (355 participants), dyslipidemic-high triglycerides (182 participants), dyslipidemic-high FFA (234 participants), and insulin resistant (IR)-hyperglycemic (116 participants). Compared with the reference subgroup, women in the IR-hyperglycemic and dyslipidemic-high FFA subgroups had offspring with 4.27% (95% CI, 1.94-6.59) and 1.96% (95% CI, 0.45-3.47) greater FM% during childhood, respectively. There was a higher risk of high FM% among offspring of the IR-hyperglycemic (relative risk, 8.7; 95% CI, 2.7-27.8) and dyslipidemic-high FFA (relative risk, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.0-11.3) subgroups; this risk was of greater magnitude compared with prepregnancy obesity alone, GDM alone, or both conditions.Conclusions and relevanceIn this cohort study, an unsupervised clustering approach revealed distinct metabolic subgroups of pregnant women. These subgroups exhibited differences in risk of offspring adiposity in early childhood. Such approaches have the potential to refine understanding of the in utero metabolic milieu, with utility for capturing variation in sociocultural, anthropometric, and biochemical risk factors for offspring adiposity.

Project description:Maternal metabolism during pregnancy shapes offspring health via in utero programming. In the Healthy Start study, we identified five subgroups of pregnant women based on conventional metabolic biomarkers: Reference (n = 360); High HDL-C (n = 289); Dyslipidemic-High TG (n = 149); Dyslipidemic-High FFA (n = 180); Insulin Resistant (IR)-Hyperglycemic (n = 87). These subgroups not only captured metabolic heterogeneity among pregnant participants but were also associated with offspring obesity in early childhood, even among women without obesity or diabetes. Here, we utilize metabolomics data to enrich characterization of the metabolic subgroups and identify key compounds driving between-group differences. We analyzed fasting blood samples from 1065 pregnant women at 18 gestational weeks using untargeted metabolomics. We used weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) to derive a global network based on the Reference subgroup and characterized distinct metabolite modules representative of the different metabolomic profiles. We used the mummichog algorithm for pathway enrichment and identified key compounds that differed across the subgroups. Eight metabolite modules representing pathways such as the carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase system, fatty acid biosynthesis and activation, and glycerophospholipid metabolism were identified. A module that included 189 compounds related to DHA peroxidation, oxidative stress, and sex hormone biosynthesis was elevated in the Insulin Resistant-Hyperglycemic vs. the Reference subgroup. This module was positively correlated with total cholesterol (R:0.10; p-value < 0.0001) and free fatty acids (R:0.07; p-value < 0.05). Oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways may underlie insulin resistance during pregnancy, even below clinical diabetes thresholds. These findings highlight potential therapeutic targets and strategies for pregnancy risk stratification and reveal mechanisms underlying the developmental origins of metabolic disease risk.

Dataset Information

Lifestyle of women before pregnancy and the risk of offspring obesity during childhood through early adulthood.

Publications

Lifestyle of women before pregnancy and the risk of offspring obesity during childhood through early adulthood.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets