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A Systematic Review of Exposure to Bisphenol A from Dental Treatment.

ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION:Dental composite restorations and dental sealants containing bisphenol A glycidyl methacrylate (BisGMA) are commonly used materials in dentistry. Bisphenol A (BPA) is used to manufacture BisGMA and can be a by-product in BisGMA-based dental materials. BPA is an endocrine-disrupting chemical that may affect reproductive, psychological, cognitive, and endocrine-related health. We conducted a systematic review of clinical studies that measured urinary BPA (uBPA) concentrations before and after dental treatment to evaluate the extent to which individuals are exposed to BPA from dental treatment. METHODS:Eligibility included studies that measured uBPA concentrations before and after dental treatment with any type of resin-based dental material. We searched PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Virtual Health Library, Science Direct, ProQuest, and Clinical Trials with no date or language restrictions to identify published studies. We summarized eligible studies across participant characteristics, amount of treatment, and time of follow-up measures. Because methods of measuring uBPA varied, our primary outcome was the direction and percentage change between baseline and 24 h posttreatment and at later time points as available. RESULTS:We identified 1,190 abstracts and 7 eligible studies: 4 in children and 3 in adults. In all studies, BPA concentrations increased 24 h after treatment. The 2 studies with the largest sample sizes found statistically significant increases >40% in uBPA concentrations at 24 h posttreatment (both P values <0.01). The 1 study to examine uBPA concentrations beyond 1 mo posttreatment found that concentrations returned to baseline by 14 d after treatment and remained at baseline 6 mo after treatment. CONCLUSIONS:Our findings suggest that uBPA concentrations increase 24 h after dental treatment. One study showed that uBPA concentrations return to baseline by 14 d. Additional research is needed to determine the magnitude of change from pre- to post-dental treatment and the trajectory of uBPA concentrations posttreatment. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT:BPA is an endocrine-disrupting chemical that may have negative human health effects. Our findings suggest that urinary BPA concentrations increase in the short term after dental treatment. The extent to which such an increase may affect the health of patients remains an open question, particularly since there are no established thresholds for safety or harm related to BPA exposure.

SUBMITTER: Marzouk T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6728453 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A Systematic Review of Exposure to Bisphenol A from Dental Treatment.

Marzouk T T Sathyanarayana S S Kim A S AS Seminario A L AL McKinney C M CM

JDR clinical and translational research 20190125 2

<h4>Introduction</h4>Dental composite restorations and dental sealants containing bisphenol A glycidyl methacrylate (BisGMA) are commonly used materials in dentistry. Bisphenol A (BPA) is used to manufacture BisGMA and can be a by-product in BisGMA-based dental materials. BPA is an endocrine-disrupting chemical that may affect reproductive, psychological, cognitive, and endocrine-related health. We conducted a systematic review of clinical studies that measured urinary BPA (uBPA) concentrations ...[more]

PMID: 30931707

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Project description:Laboratory studies show that bisphenol A (BPA) leaches from bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (bisGMA)-based dental materials. We aimed to quantify the extent to which children are exposed to BPA from dental treatment with bisGMA materials, by amount of treatment and type of sedation. We hypothesized that posttreatment urinary BPA (uBPA) concentrations would be higher among patients with more surfaces treated with bisGMA-based materials and among patients receiving general anesthesia compared with pretreatment concentrations. We conducted a prospective cohort study in 211 children, 4 to 12 y old, who had no prior resin-based dental treatment. We measured uBPA concentrations twice before treatment and at 2 d and 1, 4, and 16 wk posttreatment. We abstracted treatment data (surfaces treated) from the chart. We generated descriptive statistics and compared pre- and posttreatment uBPA concentrations using generalized estimating equations. Participants were 51% female, 46% non-White, and 74% publicly insured. The median age was 6 y. The mean number of tooth surfaces exposed to BisGMA materials (composites/sealants) was 7.5 (SD 5.3). Overall, uBPA concentrations were 86% higher (95% confidence interval [CI] 42% to 143%, P < 0.001) at 2 d posttreatment compared with pretreatment concentrations. The uBPA concentrations 2 d posttreatment versus pretreatment tended to be higher (112%, 95% CI 53% to 194%) among those receiving treatment on >4 surfaces than those receiving treatment on ≤4 surfaces (50%, 95% CI -2% to 130%). Two days after treatment, uBPA was significantly higher than pretreatment concentrations in children receiving nitrous oxide but not in those receiving general anesthesia. Among all findings, uBPA concentrations returned to baseline by 4 wk. Children experience short-term increases in BPA from dental treatment. The impact of relatively high, short-term BPA exposure on child health is unknown. Given the widespread use of BisGMA-based dental materials and that chronic low-dose BPA exposure may adversely affect child health, strategies that minimize BPA exposure could potentially improve child health.

Project description:BackgroundEarly-life exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) has been implicated to play a role in the development of obesity.ObjectiveA systematic review with meta-analyses of experimental rodent studies was conducted to answer the following question: does early-life exposure to BPA affect the obesity-related outcomes body weight, fat (pad) weight, and circulating and tissue levels of triglycerides, free fatty acids (FFA), and leptin?MethodsThe methodology was prespecified in a rigorous protocol using the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) approach. Using PubMed and EMBASE, we identified 61 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The risk of bias and the methodological quality of these articles were assessed using the SYRCLE Risk of Bias tool, and a confidence-rating methodology was used to score the quality of evidence. Meta-analyses were performed using random effect models and standardized mean differences (SMDs), or, where possible, mean differences (MDs) were calculated.ResultsOverall summary estimates indicated significant positive associations between BPA and fat weight [SMD=0.67 (95% CI: 0.53, 0.81)], triglycerides [SMD=0.97 (95% CI: 0.53, 1.40)], and FFA [SMD=0.86 (95% CI: 0.50, 1.22)], and a nonsignificant positive association with leptin levels [MD=0.37 (95% CI: -0.14, 0.87)] and a significant negative association with body weight were estimated [MD=-0.22 (95% CI: -0.37, -0.06)]. Subgroup analyses revealed stronger positive associations for most outcome measures in males and at doses below the current U.S. reference dose of 50μg/kg/d compared with doses above the reference dose. It should be noted that there was substantial heterogeneity across studies for all outcomes assessed and that there was insufficient information to assess risk of bias for most studies.ConclusionsFindings from our systematic review suggest that early-life exposure to BPA may increase adiposity and circulating lipid levels in rodents. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1233.

Project description:There is no consensus in the literature about the best non-cytotoxic antibacterial surface treatment for dental implants. Critically evaluate the existing literature and answer the question: "which surface treatment for dental implants made of titanium and its alloys has the greatest non-cytotoxic antibacterial activity for osteoblastic cells?" This systematic review was registered in the Open Science Framework (osf.io/8fq6p) and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols. The search strategy was applied to four databases. Articles were selected that evaluated in both studies the properties of 1) antibacterial activity and 2) cytotoxicity on osteoblastic cells of titanium and their alloy dental implants when treated superficially. Systematic reviews, book chapters, observational studies, case reports, articles that studied non-dental implants, and articles that evaluated only the development of surface treatment were excluded. The Joanna Briggs Institute, a quasi-experimental study assessment tool, was adapted to assess the risk of bias. The search strategy found 1178 articles in the databases after removing duplicates in EndNote Web, resulting in 1011 articles to be evaluated by title and abstract, of which 21 were selected for full reading, of which 12 were included by eligibility criteria, and nine were excluded. Quantitative synthesis could not be performed due to the heterogeneity of the data (surface treatment, antibacterial assay, bacteria strain, cell viability assay, and cell type). Risk of bias assessment showed that ten studies were classified as low risk and two studies as moderate risk. The evaluated literature allowed us to conclude that: 1) The literature surveyed did not allow answering the question due to the heterogeneity of the studies; 2) Ten of the 12 studies evaluated presented surface treatments with non-cytotoxic antibacterial activity; 3) Adding nanomaterials, QPEI, BG, and CS, reduce the chances of bacterial resistance by controlling their adhesion by electrical forces.

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A Systematic Review of Exposure to Bisphenol A from Dental Treatment.

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A Systematic Review of Exposure to Bisphenol A from Dental Treatment.

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