Dataset Information

Physiological and metabolomics analyses of young and old leaves from wild and cultivated soybean seedlings under low-nitrogen conditions.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:It is critical to study the low nitrogen tolerance in wild soybean with extensive genetic diversity for improving cultivated soybean nitrogen use efficiency. Focusing on plant young and old leaves could provide new insights to low nitrogen tolerance research. This study compared the low nitrogen group with the control group on physiological and metabolomics changes in young and old leaves, respectively, then analyzed and compared the differences of these changes between cultivated and wild soybean. This study aimed to provide a theoretical basis for the molecular mechanism of soybean low nitrogen stress tolerance. RESULTS:Wild soybean was less affected by low-nitrogen stress than cultivated soybean as assessed by plant biomass paraments, total carbon content and total nitrogen content. Gas-exchange coefficients and chlorophylls contents maintained relatively stable in wild soybean young leaves, but opposite in cultivated soybean. Wild soybean young leaves also increased the transport of beneficial ions, such as B3+, Fe3+, Mn2+, H2PO4- and C2O42-. In wild soybean old leaves, the nitrogen metabolism pathway was significant enhanced, especially the aspartic acid and GABA metabolisms. While in cultivated soybean, the nitrogen metabolism decreased obviously in young leaves but had no significant change in old leaves. The phenylpropanoid metabolism pathway was also activated in wild soybean. Contrary to cultivated soybeans, wild soybean tricarboxylic acid cycle and carbon metabolism including polyols and organic acids consolidated in old leaves and maintained a relative normal state in young leaves. These strategies could improve the antioxidant and N-fixation capacity in wild soybean. CONCLUSION:The survival and growth of wild soybean under low nitrogen stress conditions relied on physiological adjustments and metabolic changes that occurred at the cellular level. Compared with cultivated soybean, wild soybean young leaves could maintain a relatively normal growth mainly owing to a significant enhancement of key amino acids and nonprotein nitrogen metabolism in old leaves, especially aspartic acid, proline metabolism which provided basis for nitrogen reutilization from old leaves to young leaves. Consolidating the tricarboxylic acid cycle, intensifying phenylpropanoid metabolism, and accumulating more polyols and organic acids also had positive effect on it.

SUBMITTER: Liu Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6731624 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Physiological and metabolomics analyses of young and old leaves from wild and cultivated soybean seedlings under low-nitrogen conditions.

Liu Yuan Y Li Mingxia M Xu Jingshu J Liu Xueying X Wang Shiyao S Shi Lianxuan L

BMC plant biology 20190906 1

<h4>Background</h4>It is critical to study the low nitrogen tolerance in wild soybean with extensive genetic diversity for improving cultivated soybean nitrogen use efficiency. Focusing on plant young and old leaves could provide new insights to low nitrogen tolerance research. This study compared the low nitrogen group with the control group on physiological and metabolomics changes in young and old leaves, respectively, then analyzed and compared the differences of these changes between cultiv ...[more]

PMID: 31492111

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Project description:Barley is used as a model cereal to decipher salt tolerance mechanisms due to its simpler genome than wheat and enhanced salt tolerance compared to rice and wheat. In the present study, RNA-Seq based transcriptomic profiles were compared between salt-tolerant wild (Hordeum spontaneum, genotype no. 395) genotype and salt-sensitive cultivated (H. vulgare, 'Mona' cultivar) subjected to salt stress (300 mM NaCl) and control (0 mM NaCl) conditions. Plant growth and physiological attributes were also evaluated in a separate experiment as a comparison. Wild barley was significantly less impacted by salt stress than cultivated barley in growth and physiology and hence was more stress-responsive functionally. A total of 6,048 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) including 3,025 up-regulated and 3,023 down-regulated DEGs were detected in the wild genotype in salt stress conditions. The transcripts of salt-stress-related genes were profoundly lower in the salt-sensitive than the tolerant barley having a total of 2,610 DEGs (580 up- and 2,030 down-regulated). GO enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were mainly enriched in biological processes associated with stress defenses (e.g., cellular component, signaling network, ion transporter, regulatory proteins, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, hormone biosynthesis, osmotic homeostasis). Comparison of the candidate genes in the two genotypes showed that the tolerant genotype contains higher functional and effective salt-tolerance related genes with a higher level of transcripts than the sensitive one. In conclusion, the tolerant genotype consistently exhibited better tolerance to salt stress in physiological and functional attributes than did the sensitive one. These differences provide a comprehensive understanding of the evolved salt-tolerance mechanism in wild barley. The shared mechanisms between these two sub-species revealed at each functional level will provide more reliable insights into the basic mechanisms of salt tolerance in barley species.

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Dataset Information

Physiological and metabolomics analyses of young and old leaves from wild and cultivated soybean seedlings under low-nitrogen conditions.

Publications

Physiological and metabolomics analyses of young and old leaves from wild and cultivated soybean seedlings under low-nitrogen conditions.

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