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Detection and Concentration of Plasma Aflatoxin is Associated with Detection of Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus in Kenyan Women.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Cervical cancer is common in Kenyan women. Cofactors in addition to infection with oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) are likely to be important in causing cervical cancer, as only a small percentage of HPV-infected women will develop this malignancy. Kenyan women are exposed to dietary aflatoxin, a potent carcinogen and immunosuppressive agent, which may be such a co-factor. METHODS:Demographics, behavioral data, plasma, and cervical swabs were collected from 88 HIV-uninfected Kenyan women without cervical dysplasia. HPV detection was compared between women with or without plasma AFB1-lys and evaluated in relation to AFB1-lys concentration. RESULTS:Valid HPV testing results were available for 86 women (mean age 34.0 years); 49 women (57.0%) had AFB1-lys detected and 37 (43.0%) had none. AFB1-lys detection was not associated with age, being married, having more than secondary school education, home ownership, living at a walking distance to health care ?60 minutes, number of lifetime sex partners, or age of first sex. AFB1-lys detection and plasma concentrations were associated with detection of oncogenic HPV types. CONCLUSIONS:AFB1-lys-positivity and higher plasma AFB1-lys concentrations were associated with higher risk of oncogenic HPV detection in cervical samples from Kenya women. Further studies are needed to determine if aflatoxin interacts with HPV in a synergistic manner to increase the risk of cervical cancer.

SUBMITTER: Zhang J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6736060 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Detection and Concentration of Plasma Aflatoxin is Associated with Detection of Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus in Kenyan Women.

Zhang Jianjun J Orang'o Omenge O Tonui Philip P Tong Yan Y Maina Titus T Kiptoo Stephen S Muthoka Katpen K Groopman John J Smith Joshua J Madeen Erin E Ermel Aaron A Loehrer Patrick P Brown Darron R DR

Open forum infectious diseases 20190901 9

<h4>Background</h4>Cervical cancer is common in Kenyan women. Cofactors in addition to infection with oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) are likely to be important in causing cervical cancer, as only a small percentage of HPV-infected women will develop this malignancy. Kenyan women are exposed to dietary aflatoxin, a potent carcinogen and immunosuppressive agent, which may be such a co-factor.<h4>Methods</h4>Demographics, behavioral data, plasma, and cervical swabs were collected from 88 HIV- ...[more]

PMID: 31392332

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Project description:Objectives:Cervical cancer is caused by persistent infection with oncogenic, or "high-risk" types of human papillomaviruses, and is the most common malignancy in Kenyan women. A longitudinal study was initiated to investigate factors associated with persistent human papillomavirus detection among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected Kenyan women without evidence of cervical dysplasia. Methods:Demographic/behavioral data and cervical swabs were collected from HIV-uninfected women (n?=?82) and HIV-infected women (n?=?101) at enrollment and annually for 2?years. Human papillomavirus typing was performed on swabs (Roche Linear Array). Logistic regression models of human papillomavirus persistence were adjusted for demographic and behavioral characteristics. Results:HIV-infected women were older and less likely to be married and to own a home and had more lifetime sexual partners than HIV-uninfected women. All HIV-infected women were receiving anti-retroviral therapy at enrollment and had satisfactory CD4 cell counts and HIV viral loads. One- and two-year persistent human papillomavirus detection was significantly associated with HIV infection for any human papillomavirus, high-risk human papillomavirus, International Agency for the Research on Cancer-classified high-risk human papillomavirus, and non-oncogenic "low-risk" human papillomavirus. Conclusion:Persistent detection of oncogenic and non-oncogenic human papillomavirus was strongly associated with HIV infection in Kenyan women with re-constituted immune systems based on satisfactory CD4 cell counts. In addition to HIV infection, factors associated with an increased risk of human papillomavirus persistence included a higher number of lifetime sex partners. Factors associated with decreased risk of human papillomavirus persistence included older age and being married. Further studies are needed to identify the immunological defects in HIV-infected women that allow human papillomavirus persistence, even in women receiving effective anti-retroviral therapy. Further studies are also needed to determine the significance of low-risk human papillomavirus persistence in HIV-infected women.

Dataset Information

Detection and Concentration of Plasma Aflatoxin is Associated with Detection of Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus in Kenyan Women.

Publications

Detection and Concentration of Plasma Aflatoxin is Associated with Detection of Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus in Kenyan Women.

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