Dataset Information

Host Peptidic Hormones Affecting Bacterial Biofilm Formation and Virulence.

ABSTRACT: Bacterial biofilms constitute a critical problem in hospitals, especially in resuscitation units or for immunocompromised patients, since bacteria embedded in their own matrix are not only protected against antibiotics but also develop resistant variant strains. In the last decade, an original approach to prevent biofilm formation has consisted of studying the antibacterial potential of host communication molecules. Thus, some of these compounds have been identified for their ability to modify the biofilm formation of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. In addition to their effect on biofilm production, a detailed study of the mechanism of action of these human hormones on bacterial physiology has allowed the identification of new bacterial pathways involved in biofilm formation. In this review, we focus on the impact of neuropeptidic hormones on bacteria, address some future therapeutic issues, and provide a new view of inter-kingdom communication.

SUBMITTER: Lesouhaitier O

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6738206 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Host Peptidic Hormones Affecting Bacterial Biofilm Formation and Virulence.

Lesouhaitier Olivier O Clamens Thomas T Rosay Thibaut T Desriac Florie F Louis Mélissande M Rodrigues Sophie S Gannesen Andrei A Plakunov Vladimir K VK Bouffartigues Emeline E Tahrioui Ali A Bazire Alexis A Dufour Alain A Cornelis Pierre P Chevalier Sylvie S Feuilloley Marc G J MGJ

Journal of innate immunity 20181105 3

Bacterial biofilms constitute a critical problem in hospitals, especially in resuscitation units or for immunocompromised patients, since bacteria embedded in their own matrix are not only protected against antibiotics but also develop resistant variant strains. In the last decade, an original approach to prevent biofilm formation has consisted of studying the antibacterial potential of host communication molecules. Thus, some of these compounds have been identified for their ability to modify t ...[more]

PMID: 30396172

Similar Datasets

Project description:Flagellar motility is considered an important virulence factor in different pathogenic bacteria. In Listeria monocytogenes the transcriptional repressor MogR regulates motility in a temperature-dependent manner, directly repressing flagellar- and chemotaxis genes. The only other bacteria known to carry a mogR homolog are members of the Bacillus cereus group, which includes motile species such as B. cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis as well as the non-motile species Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus mycoides and Bacillus pseudomycoides. Furthermore, the main motility locus in B. cereus group bacteria, carrying the genes for flagellar synthesis, appears to be more closely related to L. monocytogenes than to Bacillus subtilis, which belongs to a separate phylogenetic group of Bacilli and does not carry a mogR ortholog. Here, we show that in B. thuringiensis, MogR overexpression results in non-motile cells devoid of flagella. Global gene expression profiling showed that 110 genes were differentially regulated by MogR overexpression, including flagellar motility genes, but also genes associated with virulence, stress response and biofilm lifestyle. Accordingly, phenotypic assays showed that MogR also affects cytotoxicity and biofilm formation in B. thuringiensis. Overexpression of a MogR variant mutated in two amino acids within the putative DNA binding domain restored phenotypes to those of an empty vector control. In accordance, introduction of these mutations resulted in complete loss in MogR binding to its candidate flagellar locus target site in vitro. In contrast to L. monocytogenes, MogR appears to be regulated in a growth-phase dependent and temperature-independent manner in B. thuringiensis 407. Interestingly, mogR was found to be conserved also in non-motile B. cereus group species such as B. mycoides and B. pseudomycoides, which both carry major gene deletions in the flagellar motility locus and where in B. pseudomycoides mogR is the only gene retained. Furthermore, mogR is expressed in non-motile B. anthracis. Altogether this provides indications of an expanded set of functions for MogR in B. cereus group species, beyond motility regulation. In conclusion, MogR constitutes a novel B. thuringiensis pleiotropic transcriptional regulator, acting as a repressor of motility genes, and affecting the expression of a variety of additional genes involved in biofilm formation and virulence.

Project description:Background & aimsAltered gut microbiota is associated with poor outcomes in cirrhosis, including infections and hepatic encephalopathy (HE). However, the role of bacterial virulence factors (VFs) is unclear. Aim: Define association of VFs with cirrhosis severity and infections, their linkage with outcomes, and impact of fecal microbiota transplant (FMT).MethodsVF abundances were determined using metagenomic analysis in stools from controls and cirrhosis patients (compensated, HE-only, ascites-only, both and infected). Patients were followed for 90-day hospitalizations and 1-year death. Stool samples collected before/after a placebo-controlled FMT trial were also analyzed. Bacterial species and VFs for all species and selected pathogens (Escherichia, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Enterococcus spp) were compared between groups. Multi-variable analyses were performed for clinical biomarkers and VFs for outcome prediction. Changes in VFs pre/post-FMT and post-FMT/placebo were analyzed. Results: We included 233 subjects (40 controls, 43 compensated, 30 HE-only, 20 ascites-only, 70 both, and 30 infected). Decompensated patients, especially those with infections, had higher VFs coding for siderophores, biofilms, and adhesion factors versus the rest. Biofilm and adhesion VFs from Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus spp associated with death and hospitalizations independent of clinical factors regardless of when all VFs or selected pathogens were analyzed. FMT was associated with reduced VF post-FMT versus pre-FMT and post-placebo groups.ConclusionsVirulence factors from multiple species focused on adhesion and biofilms increased with decompensation and infections, associated with death and hospitalizations independent of clinical factors, and were attenuated with FMT. Strategies focused on targeting multiple virulence factors could potentially impact outcomes in cirrhosis.PresentationsPortions of this manuscript were an oral presentation in the virtual International Liver Congress 2021.AbbreviationsVF: virulence factors, HE: hepatic encephalopathy, FMT: Fecal microbiota transplant, PPI: proton pump inhibitors, LPS: lipopolysaccharides, VFDB: Virulence factor database, OTU: operational taxonomic units, SBP: spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, UTI: urinary tract infections, MRSA: methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, VRE: vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, MAAsLin2: Microbiome Multivariable Associations with Linear Models, LPS: lipopolysaccharides, AKI: acute kidney injury.

Dataset Information

Host Peptidic Hormones Affecting Bacterial Biofilm Formation and Virulence.

Publications

Host Peptidic Hormones Affecting Bacterial Biofilm Formation and Virulence.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets