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Humans Use Similar Posture Sequences in a Whole-Body Tracing Task.

ABSTRACT: Humans have elegant bodies that allow gymnastics, piano playing, and tool use, but understanding how they do this in detail is difficult because their musculoskeletal systems are extremely complicated. Previous studies have shown that common movements such as reaching for a coffee cup, cycling a bicycle, or playing the piano have common patterns across subjects. This paper shows that an arbitrary set of whole-body movements used to trace large closed curves have common patterns both in the trajectory of the body's limbs and in variations within those trajectories. The commonality of the result should spur the search for explanations for its generality. One such principle could be that humans choose trajectories that are economical in energetic cost. Another synergistic possibility is that common movements can be saved in segments that can be combined to facilitate the process of deployment.

SUBMITTER: Liu L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6739621 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Humans Use Similar Posture Sequences in a Whole-Body Tracing Task.

Liu Lijia L Johnson Leif L Zohar Oran O Ballard Dana H DH

iScience 20190828

Humans have elegant bodies that allow gymnastics, piano playing, and tool use, but understanding how they do this in detail is difficult because their musculoskeletal systems are extremely complicated. Previous studies have shown that common movements such as reaching for a coffee cup, cycling a bicycle, or playing the piano have common patterns across subjects. This paper shows that an arbitrary set of whole-body movements used to trace large closed curves have common patterns both in the traje ...[more]

PMID: 31513971

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Project description:BackgroundThe correlations between the sagittal jaw position and the cranio-cervical inclination are described in literature. Only few studies focus on the sagittal jaw position and the body posture using valid and objective orthopaedic examination methods. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that patients with malocclusions reveal significant differences in body posture compared to those without (upper thoracic inclination, kyphotic angle, lordotic angle and lower lumbar inclination).MethodsEighty-four healthy adult patients (with a mean age = 25.6 years and ranging from 16.1 to 55.8 years) were examined with informed consent. The orthodontic examination horizontal overjet (distance between upper and lower incisors) was determined by using an orthodontic digital sliding calliper. The subjects were subdivided in respect of the overjet with the following results: 18 revealed a normal overjet (Class I), 38 had an increased overjet (Class II) and 28 had an reversed overjet (Class III). Rasterstereography was used to carry out a three-dimensional back shape analysis. This method is based on photogrammetry. A three-dimensional shape was produced by analysing the distortion of parallel horizontal white light lines projected on the patient's back, followed by mathematical modelling. On the basis of the sagittal profile the upper thoracic inclination, the thoracic angle, the lordotic angle and the pelvic inclination were determined with a reported accuracy of 2.8 degrees and the correlations to the sagittal jaw position were calculated by means of ANOVA, Scheffé and Kruskal-Wallis procedures.ResultsBetween the different overjet groups, no statistically significant differences or correlations regarding the analysed back shape parameters could be obtained. However, comparing males and females there were statistically significant differences in view of the parameters 'lordotic angle' and 'pelvic inclination'.ConclusionNo correlations between overjet and variables of the thoracic, lordotic or the pelvic inclination could be observed.

Dataset Information

Humans Use Similar Posture Sequences in a Whole-Body Tracing Task.

Publications

Humans Use Similar Posture Sequences in a Whole-Body Tracing Task.

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