Data and video for the thermal and fire propagation of multiple lithium-ion batteries.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Chen M
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6742859 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description:Safety issue of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is always a concern. We have studied the inhabitation on thermal runaway (TR) and propagation of 18,650 LIBs in an enclosed space systematically. LIBs at 70% state of charge are chosen for testing. Four fire extinguishing agents are applied on LIB arrays for 20 s, and the inhibiting effects are different. The cooling efficiency varies with the surface temperatures of LIBs. Water spray has the highest cooling efficiency and inhibits the TR propagation among LIB arrays successfully. Three LIBs undergo TR for the releasing of ABC ultrafine dry powder. BC ultrafine dry powder and Novec 1230 are failed to inhibit the TR propagation. Nevertheless, Novec 1230 shows the best on inhibiting fire occurring and the generation of toxic gas. Generally, this study provides valuable information for the choice of fire extinguishing agents.
| S-EPMC8333160 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Lithium-ion batteries are applied in electric vehicles to mitigate climate change. However, their practical applications are impeded by poor safety performance owing mainly to the cell eruption gas (CEG) fire triangle. Here, we report quantitatively the three fire boundaries corresponding to the CEG fire triangle of four types of mainstream cells with the state of charge (SOC) values ranging from 0% to 143% based on 29 thermal runaway tests conducted in an inert atmosphere in open literature. Controlling the SOC and/or selecting a reasonable cell type can alter the minimum CEG and oxygen concentrations required for ignition, thereby changing the probability of a battery fire. The ignition temperature varies greatly according to the type of ignition source type. Temperature and ignition source type play a leading role in the ignition mode. Breaking any fire boundary will stop the ignition of CEG, thus significantly improving the battery safety performance.
| S-EPMC8102908 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Transparent devices have recently attracted substantial attention. Various applications have been demonstrated, including displays, touch screens, and solar cells; however, transparent batteries, a key component in fully integrated transparent devices, have not yet been reported. As battery electrode materials are not transparent and have to be thick enough to store energy, the traditional approach of using thin films for transparent devices is not suitable. Here we demonstrate a grid-structured electrode to solve this dilemma, which is fabricated by a microfluidics-assisted method. The feature dimension in the electrode is below the resolution limit of human eyes, and, thus, the electrode appears transparent. Moreover, by aligning multiple electrodes together, the amount of energy stored increases readily without sacrificing the transparency. This results in a battery with energy density of 10 Wh/L at a transparency of 60%. The device is also flexible, further broadening their potential applications. The transparent device configuration also allows in situ Raman study of fundamental electrochemical reactions in batteries.
| S-EPMC3156205 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Prevention and mitigation of thermal runaway presents one of the greatest challenges for the safe operation of lithium-ion batteries. Here, we demonstrate for the first time the application of high-speed synchrotron X-ray computed tomography and radiography, in conjunction with thermal imaging, to track the evolution of internal structural damage and thermal behaviour during initiation and propagation of thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries. This diagnostic approach is applied to commercial lithium-ion batteries (LG 18650 NMC cells), yielding insights into key degradation modes including gas-induced delamination, electrode layer collapse and propagation of structural degradation. It is envisaged that the use of these techniques will lead to major improvements in the design of Li-ion batteries and their safety features.
| S-EPMC4423228 | biostudies-other
Project description:We have produced stretchable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) using the concept of kirigami, i.e., a combination of folding and cutting. The designated kirigami patterns have been discovered and implemented to achieve great stretchability (over 150%) to LIBs that are produced by standardized battery manufacturing. It is shown that fracture due to cutting and folding is suppressed by plastic rolling, which provides kirigami LIBs excellent electrochemical and mechanical characteristics. The kirigami LIBs have demonstrated the capability to be integrated and power a smart watch, which may disruptively impact the field of wearable electronics by offering extra physical and functionality design spaces.
| S-EPMC4463940 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Although the energy densities of batteries continue to increase, safety problems (for example, fires and explosions) associated with the use of highly flammable liquid organic electrolytes remain a big issue, significantly hindering further practical applications of the next generation of high-energy batteries. We have fabricated a novel "smart" nonwoven electrospun separator with thermal-triggered flame-retardant properties for lithium-ion batteries. The encapsulation of a flame retardant inside a protective polymer shell has prevented direct dissolution of the retardant agent into the electrolyte, which would otherwise have negative effects on battery performance. During thermal runaway of the lithium-ion battery, the protective polymer shell would melt, triggered by the increased temperature, and the flame retardant would be released, thus effectively suppressing the combustion of the highly flammable electrolytes.
| S-EPMC5235334 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Novel gel polymer electrolyte membranes with excellent thermal stability are fabricated via a combination of physical blending and chemical cross-linking procedures. Precursor porous membranes made of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and polystyrene-poly(ethylene oxide)-polystyrene (PS-PEO-PS) triblock copolymer composites are prepared by a phase-inversion technique, and the gel polymer electrolyte membranes are finished by in situ hypercrosslinking of the PS segments in precursor membranes. The latter cross-linking procedure could consolidate pore configuration and thus greatly enhance the thermal stability of the obtained cross-linked composite membranes. The membranes with optimal PS/PEO ratios can retain reasonable porosity with little dimensional shrinkage at high temperatures up to 260 °C. Gel polymer electrolytes with these cross-linked membranes as matrices exhibit much higher ionic conductivities (up to 1.38 × 10-3 S cm-1 at room temperature) than those based on pure PVDF membranes. Li/LiFePO4 half cells assembled with these gel polymer electrolytes exhibit good cycling performance and rate capability. These results indicate that the Friedel-Crafts reaction based hypercrosslinking is an efficient method to construct highly heat-resistant polymer electrolytes for lithium ion batteries, particularly advantageous in applications that require high-temperature usage.
| S-EPMC6648917 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A bilayered cellulose-based separator design is presented that can enhance the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) via the inclusion of a porous redox-active layer. The proposed flexible redox-active separator consists of a mesoporous, insulating nanocellulose fiber layer that provides the necessary insulation between the electrodes and a porous, conductive, and redox-active polypyrrole-nanocellulose layer. The latter layer provides mechanical support to the nanocellulose layer and adds extra capacity to the LIBs. The redox-active separator is mechanically flexible, and no internal short circuits are observed during the operation of the LIBs, even when the redox-active layer is in direct contact with both electrodes in a symmetric lithium-lithium cell. By replacing a conventional polyethylene separator with a redox-active separator, the capacity of the proof-of-concept LIB battery containing a LiFePO4 cathode and a Li metal anode can be increased from 0.16 to 0.276 mA h due to the capacity contribution from the redox-active separator. As the presented redox-active separator concept can be used to increase the capacities of electrochemical energy storage systems, this approach may pave the way for new types of functional separators.
| S-EPMC5867047 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Carbon xerogels with different macropore sizes and degrees of graphitization were evaluated as electrodes in lithium-ion batteries. It was found that pore structure of the xerogels has a marked effect on the degree of graphitization of the final carbons. Moreover, the incorporation of graphene oxide to the polymeric structure of the carbon xerogels also leads to a change in their carbonaceous structure and to a remarkable increase in the graphitic phase of the samples studied. The sample with the highest degree of graphitization (i.e., hybrid graphene-carbon xerogel) displayed the highest capacity and stability over 100 cycles, with values even higher than those of the commercial graphite SLP50 used as reference.
| S-EPMC6981815 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Conventional lithium-ion batteries embrace graphite anodes which operate at potential as low as metallic lithium, subjected to poor rate capability and safety issues. Among possible alternatives, oxides based on titanium redox couple, such as spinel Li4Ti5O12, have received renewed attention. Here we further expand the horizon to include a perovskite structured titanate La0.5Li0.5TiO3 into this promising family of anode materials. With average potential of around 1.0?V vs. Li+/Li, this anode exhibits high specific capacity of 225?mA?h?g-1 and sustains 3000 cycles involving a reversible phase transition. Without decrease the particle size from micro to nano scale, its rate performance has exceeded the nanostructured Li4Ti5O12. Further characterizations and calculations reveal that pseudocapacitance dictates the lithium storage process and the favorable ion and electronic transport is responsible for the rate enhancement. Our findings provide fresh impetus to the identification and development of titanium-based anode materials with desired electrochemical properties.
| S-EPMC7359355 | biostudies-literature