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Association between coffee consumption and risk of bladder cancer in a meta-analysis of 16 prospective studies.

ABSTRACT: Background:Current evidence remains equivocal as to whether and how consumption of coffee may be associated with risk of bladder cancer, and potential influence of confounding by smoking on this association is yet to be elucidated. We conducted an updated meta-analysis of prospective studies to address these issues. Methods:Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed and EMBASE databases from inception to April 2019. A random-effects model was used to estimate summary relative risk (RR) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) of bladder cancer associated with coffee consumption. Results:The final analysis included 16 prospective studies comprising 2,122,816 participants and 11,848 bladder cancer cases. Overall, coffee consumption was not associated with risk of bladder cancer (RR high-vs-low?=?1.07, 95% CI: 0.96-1.20). The lack of association persisted in the strata defined by sex or participants' smoking status. Meta-regression analyses identified the number cases (P difference?=?0.06) and the degree of adjustment for smoking (P difference?=?0.04) as potential sources of heterogeneity. There was an increased risk of bladder cancer related to higher coffee consumption among studies with fewer cases (RR high-vs-low?=?1.38, 95% CI: 1.05-1.81) and among those with poorer adjustment for smoking (RR high-vs-low?=?1.48, 95% CI: 1.14-1.93). Results were similar in the dose-response analyses (RR 1 cup/d =?1.01, 95% CI: 0.98-1.03). Conclusion:Best evidence available to date does not support an independent association between coffee consumption and bladder cancer risk. Some direct associations observed in individual studies may be a result of residual confounding by smoking. Supplementary information:Supplementary information accompanies this paper at 10.1186/s12986-019-0390-3.

SUBMITTER: Dai ZW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6743122 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Association between coffee consumption and risk of bladder cancer in a meta-analysis of 16 prospective studies.

Dai Zhi-Wei ZW Cai Ke-Dan KD Li Fu-Rong FR Wu Xian-Bo XB Chen Guo-Chong GC

Nutrition & metabolism 20190913

<h4>Background</h4>Current evidence remains equivocal as to whether and how consumption of coffee may be associated with risk of bladder cancer, and potential influence of confounding by smoking on this association is yet to be elucidated. We conducted an updated meta-analysis of prospective studies to address these issues.<h4>Methods</h4>Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed and EMBASE databases from inception to April 2019. A random-effects model was used to estimate summary rel ...[more]

PMID: 31528185

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Project description:BackgroundStroke is a crucial health threat to adults worldwide. Despite extensive knowledge of risk-factor mitigation, no primary prevention exists for healthy people. Coffee is a widely consumed beverage globally. Health benefit of coffee for several neurological diseases has been identified; however, the association between stroke risk and coffee consumption in healthy people has not been determined. We investigated the effect of coffee on stroke risk by conducting a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.MethodsElectronic databases, namely PubMed, BioMed Central, Medline, and Google Scholar, were searched using terms related to stroke and coffee. Articles that described clear diagnostic criteria for stroke and details on coffee consumption were included. The reference lists of relevant articles were reviewed to identify eligible studies not shortlisted using these terms. Enrolled studies were grouped into three outcome categories: overall stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, and ischemic stroke.ResultsSeven studies were included and all of them were large-scale, long-term, follow-up cohort studies of a healthy population. Upon comparing the least-coffee-consuming groups from each study, the meta-analysis revealed a reduction in the risk of overall stroke during follow-up (hazard ratio [HR] for overall stroke = 0.922, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.855-0.994, P = 0.035). In studies with a clear definition of hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke, coffee consumption reduced the risk of ischemic stroke more robustly than that of hemorrhagic stroke (hemorrhagic, HR = 0.895, 95% CI = 0.824-0.972, P = .008; ischemic, HR = 0.834, 95% CI = 0.739-0.876, P < .001). No obvious dose-dependent or U-shaped effect was observed.ConclusionsCoffee consumption reduces the risk of overall stroke, especially ischemic stroke. Further investigation is required to identify beneficial components in coffee, including caffeine and phenolic acids, to develop preventive medication for stroke.

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Association between coffee consumption and risk of bladder cancer in a meta-analysis of 16 prospective studies.

Publications

Association between coffee consumption and risk of bladder cancer in a meta-analysis of 16 prospective studies.

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