Dataset Information

The prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Nigeria: A nationwide survey among children, adolescents and adults.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

Asthma is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and information on the prevalence of asthma in Nigeria is inconsistent. Nationally representative data, important for health planning is unavailable. We aimed to determine the current prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Nigeria.

Materials and methods

A cross-sectional population survey conducted between June 2017 and March 2018 across five cities representing five geo-political zones in Nigeria. Validated screening questionnaires were used to identify persons with asthma and allergic rhinitis respectively. Asthma was defined as physician diagnosed asthma, clinical asthma and by presence of wheeze in the last 12 months respectively. Socio-demographic information, tobacco smoking, sources of household cooking fuel were also obtained.

Results

A total of 20063 participants from 6024 households were screened. The prevalence (95% confidence interval) of physician diagnosed asthma, clinical asthma and wheeze was 2.5% (2.3-2.7%), 6.4% (6.0-6.64%) and 9.0% (8.6-9.4%) respectively. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 22.8% (22.2-23.4%). The prevalence of asthma and rhinitis increased with age (prevalence of clinical asthma: 3.1% (2.8-3.4%), 9.8% (9.1-10.5) and 10.7% (9.4%-12.0) among 6-17 years, 18-45 years and >45 years respectively). Prevalence also varied across different cities with the highest prevalence of clinical asthma occurring in Lagos (8.0%) and the lowest in Ilorin (1.1%). The frequency of allergic rhinitis among persons with clinical asthma was 74.7%. Presence of allergic rhinitis, family history of asthma, current smoking and being overweight were independent determinants of current asthma among adults.

Conclusion

The prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Nigeria is high with variabilities across regions and age groups. The number of persons with clinical asthma in Nigeria (approximately 13 million) is likely to rank among the highest in Africa. This warrants prioritization by stakeholders and policy makers to actively implement risk reduction measures and increase investment in capacity building for the diagnosis and treatment of asthma and allergic rhinitis.

SUBMITTER: Ozoh OB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6743776 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

The prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Nigeria: A nationwide survey among children, adolescents and adults.

Ozoh Obianuju B OB Aderibigbe Sunday A SA Ayuk Adaeze C AC Desalu Olufemi O OO Oridota Olufela E OE Olufemi Olajumoke O Egbagbe Eruke E Babashani Musa M Shopeyin Azeezat A Ukwaja Kingsley K Dede Sandra K SK

PloS one 20190913 9

<h4>Purpose</h4>Asthma is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and information on the prevalence of asthma in Nigeria is inconsistent. Nationally representative data, important for health planning is unavailable. We aimed to determine the current prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Nigeria.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>A cross-sectional population survey conducted between June 2017 and March 2018 across five cities representing five geo-political zones in Nigeria. Va ...[more]

PMID: 31518382

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Project description:BackgroundThe prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) has been increasing steadily worldwide, especially in countries with increasing industrialization such as China. However, available evidence regarding AR prevalence among Chinese adults is scarce and limited to regional data collected in earlier years. We therefore aimed to provide a more recent and robust estimate of AR prevalence using a nationwide representative cross-sectional study in China.MethodsData of 184 326 participants aged 18 years or older were obtained from the China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance conducted in 2018-2019. AR was determined by self-reported sneezing, nasal itching, obstruction, or rhinorrhea symptoms for at least 1 h in the absence of a cold or flu within the last 12 months. Multivariable logistic model was used to examine the risk factors of AR, and a possible non-linear relationship was further tested by restricted cubic spline. Potential additive interactions of risk factors with sex, residence, and geographic region were assessed by relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI).ResultsThe weighted prevalence of AR was 8.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.4%-8.7%), of whom 23.7% (95% CI, 21.3%-26.0%) were aware of their diagnosis. Increased odds of AR were associated with younger age, men, living in urban area or north region, more education, smoking, underweight, and higher income. Despite the nonsignificant linear trend, the spline regression demonstrated a non-linear association between AR and sleep duration, with higher odds at both ends. Additionally, the observed associations were generally stronger among men and people living in urban area and north region, with significant RERI ranging from 0.07 (95% CI, 0.00-0.14) to 0.40 (95% CI, 0.12-0.67).ConclusionsAR is prevalent in China and the associated factors and interactions are helpful to design targeted preventive strategies towards certain subpopulations. The low awareness of AR calls for a national effort on AR screening.

Dataset Information

The prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Nigeria: A nationwide survey among children, adolescents and adults.

Purpose

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

The prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Nigeria: A nationwide survey among children, adolescents and adults.

Similar Datasets

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