Dataset Information

Identification of Potential Auxin-Responsive Small Signaling Peptides through a Peptidomics Approach in Arabidopsis thaliana.

ABSTRACT: Small signaling peptides (SSPs) are a class of short peptides playing critical roles in plant growth and development. SSPs are also involved in the phytohormone signaling pathway. However, identification of mature SSPs is still a technical challenge because of their extremely low concentrations in plant tissue and complicated interference by many other metabolites. Here, we report an optimized protocol to extract SSPs based on protoplast extraction and to analyze SSPs based on tandem mass spectrometry peptidomics. Using plant protoplasts as the material, soluble peptides were directly extracted into phosphate buffer. The interference of non-signaling peptides was significantly decreased. Moreover, we applied the protocol to identify potential SSPs in auxin treated wild type and auxin biosynthesis defective mutant yuc2yuc6. Over 100 potential SSPs showed a response to auxin in Arabidopsis thaliana.

SUBMITTER: Luo W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6749465 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Identification of Potential Auxin-Responsive Small Signaling Peptides through a Peptidomics Approach in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>.

Luo Weigui W Xiao Yuan Y Liang Qiwen Q Su Yi Y Xiao Langtao L

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 20190829 17

Small signaling peptides (SSPs) are a class of short peptides playing critical roles in plant growth and development. SSPs are also involved in the phytohormone signaling pathway. However, identification of mature SSPs is still a technical challenge because of their extremely low concentrations in plant tissue and complicated interference by many other metabolites. Here, we report an optimized protocol to extract SSPs based on protoplast extraction and to analyze SSPs based on tandem mass spectr ...[more]

PMID: 31470600

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Project description:BackgroundPlant root growth and development is highly plastic and can adapt to many environmental conditions. Sugar signaling has been shown to affect root growth and development by interacting with phytohormones such as gibberellins, cytokinin and abscisic acid. Auxin signaling and transport has been earlier shown to be controlling plant root length, number of lateral roots, root hair and root growth direction.Principal findingsIncreasing concentration of glucose not only controls root length, root hair and number of lateral roots but can also modulate root growth direction. Since root growth and development is also controlled by auxin, whole genome transcript profiling was done to find out the extent of interaction between glucose and auxin response pathways. Glucose alone could transcriptionally regulate 376 (62%) genes out of 604 genes affected by IAA. Presence of glucose could also modulate the extent of regulation 2 fold or more of almost 63% genes induced or repressed by IAA. Interestingly, glucose could affect induction or repression of IAA affected genes (35%) even if glucose alone had no significant effect on the transcription of these genes itself. Glucose could affect auxin biosynthetic YUCCA genes family members, auxin transporter PIN proteins, receptor TIR1 and members of a number of gene families including AUX/IAA, GH3 and SAUR involved in auxin signaling. Arabidopsis auxin receptor tir1 and response mutants, axr2, axr3 and slr1 not only display a defect in glucose induced change in root length, root hair elongation and lateral root production but also accentuate glucose induced increase in root growth randomization from vertical suggesting glucose effects on plant root growth and development are mediated by auxin signaling components.ConclusionOur findings implicate an important role of the glucose interacting with auxin signaling and transport machinery to control seedling root growth and development in changing nutrient conditions.

Project description:Lateral root (LR) formation is a vital organogenetic process that determines the root architecture in plants. The number of root branches governs the degree of anchorage, efficiency of nutrients acquisition, and water uptake. The molecular pathways involved in LR formation have been extensively studied in Arabidopsis thaliana (At). A plant hormone, Auxin, is a key regulator of root development and promotes LR formation in plants. A plethora of Arabidopsis genes have been identified to regulate LR initiation, patterning, and emergence processes. Recently, the involvement of flowering time control pathways and circadian clock pathways in LR development has come to light, but the connecting link between these processes is still missing. We have established that GIGANTEA (GI), a key component of photoperiodic flowering, can regulate the formation of LRs in Arabidopsis. GI is known to be involved in red light signaling and circadian clock signaling pathways. Here, we report that over-expression of GI enhances LR formation in red light in At. Real-time PCR analysis shows that GI positively regulates the transcription of TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1 (TIR1) which is an upstream component of auxin signaling. Furthermore, gi-100 mutant downregulates the LR initiation signaling gene, AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 7 (ARF7), and its downstream target gene, LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-DOMAIN 16 (LBD16). Hence, GI acts as a positive regulator of IAA14-ARF7-LBD16 modules during LR initiation. We have also checked the effect of GI on the expression of NAC1 and AIR3 genes which are controlled by TIR1 during LR formation. Our results show that GI induces the NAC1 transcription and its downstream gene, AIR3 expression, which leads to the enhancement of LR initiation. Taken together, our results suggest that GI controls the expression of TIR1 to govern auxin signaling during LR formation in presence of red light and GI can act as a link between circadian clock signaling, flowering time control pathways, light signaling, and lateral root development pathways.

Dataset Information

Identification of Potential Auxin-Responsive Small Signaling Peptides through a Peptidomics Approach in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Publications

Identification of Potential Auxin-Responsive Small Signaling Peptides through a Peptidomics Approach in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>.

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