Dataset Information

First bloodstream infection caused by Prevotella copri in a heart failure elderly patient with Prevotella-dominated gut microbiota: a case report.

ABSTRACT: Background:Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a constant threat for hospitalized patients, and elderly patients are particularly susceptible to BSI caused by anaerobic bacteria. Changes in the gut microbiota composition may lead to pathogen overgrowth and translocation into the bloodstream. Consequently, domination of specific taxa in the intestinal bacterial community seems to be associated with a higher risk of bacteremia in some patient populations. Case presentation:Here, we report the case of a 90-year-old heart failure (HF) patient who was admitted to the hospital for an acute state of cardiac decompensation. Twenty days after admission, he was febrile to 38.2 °C whereas his white blood count and C-reactive protein increased to 6190 cells/?L and 31.2 mg/L, respectively. Of the patient's blood culture (BC) bottle pairs collected under the suspicion of infection, the anaerobic bottle yielded an organism that was later identified as Prevotella copri. Concomitantly, the patient's fecal sample was obtained for the intestinal microbiota characterization by sequencing the V3/V4/V6 regions of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. The analysis revealed highest relative abundances of Bacteroidales (34.1%), Prevotellaceae (19.0%), Prevotella (15.2%), and P. copri (6.1%) taxa, indicating that the patient's gut microbiota was dominated by Prevotella organisms. The patient was successfully treated with metronidazole, and was discharged to a long-term care facility at 35 days of admission. Conclusions:We provide the first evidence for a clinically significant BSI caused by P. copri and its relationship to a Prevotella-rich gut microbiota in the HF patient setting. When strengthening the pathogenicity of P. copri, the present case suggests that the gut may be a source of BSI caused by the rare anaerobic organism. Future studies are necessary to assess the role of the gut microbiota profiling for precise identification and targeted treatment of patients at high risk of BSI.

SUBMITTER: Posteraro P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6749625 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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First bloodstream infection caused by <i>Prevotella copri</i> in a heart failure elderly patient with <i>Prevotella</i>-dominated gut microbiota: a case report.

Posteraro Patrizia P De Maio Flavio F Menchinelli Giulia G Palucci Ivana I Errico Federica Maria FM Carbone Mariantonietta M Sanguinetti Maurizio M Gasbarrini Antonio A Gasbarrini Antonio A Posteraro Brunella B

Gut pathogens 20190918

<h4>Background</h4>Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a constant threat for hospitalized patients, and elderly patients are particularly susceptible to BSI caused by anaerobic bacteria. Changes in the gut microbiota composition may lead to pathogen overgrowth and translocation into the bloodstream. Consequently, domination of specific taxa in the intestinal bacterial community seems to be associated with a higher risk of bacteremia in some patient populations.<h4>Case presentation</h4>Here, we repor ...[more]

PMID: 31548871

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Project description:BackgroundExcessive fat accumulation of pigs is undesirable, as it severely affects economic returns in the modern pig industry. Studies in humans and mice have examined the role of the gut microbiome in host energy metabolism. Commercial Duroc pigs are often fed formula diets with high energy and protein contents. Whether and how the gut microbiome under this type of diet regulates swine fat accumulation is largely unknown.ResultsIn the present study, we systematically investigated the correlation of gut microbiome with pig lean meat percentage (LMP) in 698 commercial Duroc pigs and found that Prevotella copri was significantly associated with fat accumulation of pigs. Fat pigs had significantly higher abundance of P. copri in the gut. High abundance of P. copri was correlated with increased concentrations of serum metabolites associated with obesity, e.g., lipopolysaccharides, branched chain amino acids, aromatic amino acids, and the metabolites of arachidonic acid. Host intestinal barrier permeability and chronic inflammation response were increased. A gavage experiment using germ-free mice confirmed that the P. copri isolated from experimental pigs was a causal species increasing host fat accumulation and altering serum metabolites. Colon, adipose tissue, and muscle transcriptomes in P. copri-gavaged mice indicated that P. copri colonization activated host chronic inflammatory responses through the TLR4 and mTOR signaling pathways and significantly upregulated the expression of the genes related to lipogenesis and fat accumulation, but attenuated the genes associated with lipolysis, lipid transport, and muscle growth.ConclusionsTaken together, the results proposed that P. copri in the gut microbial communities of pigs fed with commercial formula diets activates host chronic inflammatory responses by the metabolites through the TLR4 and mTOR signaling pathways, and increases host fat deposition significantly. The results provide fundamental knowledge for reducing fat accumulation in pigs through regulating the gut microbial composition. Video Abstract.

Dataset Information

First bloodstream infection caused by Prevotella copri in a heart failure elderly patient with Prevotella-dominated gut microbiota: a case report.

Publications

First bloodstream infection caused by <i>Prevotella copri</i> in a heart failure elderly patient with <i>Prevotella</i>-dominated gut microbiota: a case report.

Similar Datasets

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