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Extracellular Vesicles Promote Arteriogenesis in Chronically Ischemic Myocardium in the Setting of Metabolic Syndrome.


ABSTRACT: Background Ischemic heart disease continues to be a leading cause of mortality in patients. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) provide a potential for treatment that may induce collateral vessel growth to increase myocardial perfusion. Methods and Results Nineteen male Yorkshire pigs were given a high-fat diet for 4 weeks, then underwent placement of an ameroid constrictor on the left circumflex artery to induce chronic myocardial ischemia. Two weeks later, the pigs received either intramyocardial vehicle (n=6), EVs (high-fat diet with myocardial EV injection [HVM]; n=8), or HVM and calpain inhibition (n=5). Five weeks later, myocardial function, perfusion, coronary vascular density, and cell signaling were examined. Perfusion in the collateral-dependent myocardium was increased during rapid ventricular pacing in the HVM group in both nonischemic (P=0.04) and ischemic areas of the ventricle (P=0.05). Cardiac output and stroke volume were significantly improved in the HVM group compared with the control group during ventricular pacing (P=0.006). Increased arteriolar density was seen in the HVM group in both nonischemic and ischemic myocardium (P=0.003 for both). However, no significant changes in the capillary density were observed between the control, HVM, and HVM and calpain inhibition groups (P=0.07). The group that received EVs with oral calpain inhibition had neither increased vessel density (P>0.99) nor improvement in blood flow or cardiac function (P=0.48) when compared with the control group. Conclusions These findings suggest that EVs promote angiogenesis in areas of chronic myocardial ischemia and improve cardiac function under conditions of diet-induced metabolic syndrome.

SUBMITTER: Scrimgeour LA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6761642 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Extracellular Vesicles Promote Arteriogenesis in Chronically Ischemic Myocardium in the Setting of Metabolic Syndrome.

Scrimgeour Laura A LA   Potz Brittany A BA   Aboul Gheit Ahmad A   Shi Guangbin G   Stanley Melissa M   Zhang Zhiqi Z   Sodha Neel R NR   Ahsan Nagib N   Abid M Ruhul MR   Sellke Frank W FW  

Journal of the American Heart Association 20190727 15


Background Ischemic heart disease continues to be a leading cause of mortality in patients. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) provide a potential for treatment that may induce collateral vessel growth to increase myocardial perfusion. Methods and Results Nineteen male Yorkshire pigs were given a high-fat diet for 4 weeks, then underwent placement of an ameroid constrictor on the left circumflex artery to induce chronic myocardial ischemia. Two weeks later, the pigs received either intramyocardial veh  ...[more]

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