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Recent Myocardial Infarction is Associated With Increased Risk in Older Adults With Acute Ischemic Stroke Receiving Thrombolytic Therapy.

ABSTRACT: Background Intravenous recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rtPA) remains the only medical therapy to improve outcomes for acute ischemic stroke (AIS), but the safety of rtPA in AIS patients with a history of recent myocardial infarction (MI) remains controversial. Methods and Results We sought to determine whether the presence of recent MI would alter the risk of mortality and rtPA-related complications. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to compare in-hospital outcomes between rtPA-treated AIS patients with recent MI within 3 months and those with no history of MI from the Get With The Guidelines-Stroke hospitals between February 2009 and December 2015. Among 40 396 AIS patients aged ?65 years treated with rtPA, 241 (0.6%) had recent MI, of which 19.5% were ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction. Patients with recent MI had more severe stroke than those without (median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [interquartile range]: 13.0 [7.0-20.0] versus 11.0 [6.0-18.0]). Recent MI was associated with an increased risk of mortality compared with no history of MI (17.4% versus 9.0%; adjusted odds ratio 1.60 [95% CI, 1.10-2.33]; P=0.014), but no statistically significant differences in rtPA-related complications (13.5% versus 9.4%; adjusted odds ratio 1.28 [0.88-1.86]; P=0.19). Recent ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction was associated with higher risk of death and rtPA-related complications, but non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction was not. Conclusions Among older AIS patients treated with rtPA, recent MI was associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality. Further investigations are necessary to determine whether the benefit of rtPA outweighs its risk among AIS patients with recent MI.

SUBMITTER: Inohara T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6761665 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Recent Myocardial Infarction is Associated With Increased Risk in Older Adults With Acute Ischemic Stroke Receiving Thrombolytic Therapy.

Inohara Taku T Liang Li L Kosinski Andrzej S AS Smith Eric E EE Schwamm Lee H LH Hernandez Adrian F AF Bhatt Deepak L DL Fonarow Gregg C GC Peterson Eric D ED Xian Ying Y

Journal of the American Heart Association 20190720 15

Background Intravenous recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rtPA) remains the only medical therapy to improve outcomes for acute ischemic stroke (AIS), but the safety of rtPA in AIS patients with a history of recent myocardial infarction (MI) remains controversial. Methods and Results We sought to determine whether the presence of recent MI would alter the risk of mortality and rtPA-related complications. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to compare in-hospital outcomes ...[more]

PMID: 31327296

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Project description:ImportanceAntithrombotic treatment after myocardial infarction (MI) should be individualized based on the patient's risk of ischemic and bleeding events. Uncertainty remains regarding the relative prognostic importance of the 2 types of events, and further study would be useful.ObjectivesTo compare the association of ischemic vs bleeding events with mortality in patients with a recent MI and assess whether the relative mortality risk for the 2 types of events has changed over the past 2 decades.Design, setting, and participantsA cohort study based on nationwide registers in Sweden, 2012-2017, was conducted. Data were analyzed between July 2021 and May 2022. Patients with MI who were discharged alive with antithrombotic therapy (antiplatelet therapy or oral anticoagulation) were included in the analysis.Main outcomes and measuresThe incidence of a first ischemic event (hospitalization for MI or ischemic stroke) or bleeding event (hospitalization with bleeding) up to 1 year after discharge and the mortality risk up to 1 year after each type of event were assessed. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for 1-year mortality after an ischemic and bleeding event vs no event, and after an ischemic vs bleeding event. Adjusted HRs for mortality after ischemic vs bleeding events were compared among patients discharged in 1997-2000, 2001-2011, and 2012-2017.ResultsOf 86 736 patients discharged after MI in 2012-2017 (median age, 71 [IQR, 62-80] years; 57 287 [66.0%] men), 4039 individuals experienced a first ischemic event (5.7 per 100 person-years) and 3399 experienced a first bleeding event (4.8 per 100 person-years). The mortality rate was 46.2 per 100 person-years after an ischemic event and 27.1 per 100 person-years after a bleeding event. The aHR for 1-year mortality vs no event was 4.16 (95% CI, 3.91-4.43) after an ischemic event and 3.43 (95% CI, 3.17-3.71) after a bleeding event. When the 2 types of events were compared, the aHR was 1.27 (95% CI, 1.15-1.40) for an ischemic vs bleeding event. There was no statistically significant difference in the aHR of an ischemic vs bleeding event in 1997-2000, 2001-2011, and 2012-2017.Conclusions and relevanceIn this nationwide cohort study of patients with a recent MI, postdischarge ischemic events were more common and associated with higher mortality risk compared with bleeding events.

Project description:RationalePrevious studies have suggested that acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may be associated with increased risk of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke.ObjectivesWe aimed to quantify the increased risks of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke risk associated with both moderate and severe acute exacerbation, and to investigate factors that may modify these risks.MethodsWe performed a self-controlled case series to investigate the rates of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke after acute exacerbation compared with stable time, within individuals. The participants were 5,696 adults with COPD with a first myocardial infarction (n = 2,850) or ischemic stroke (n = 3,010) and at least one acute exacerbation from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink with linked Hospital Episodes Statistics data.ResultsThe risks of both myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke were increased in the 91 days after an acute exacerbation. The risks were greater after a severe exacerbation (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 2.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.26-2.95 for myocardial infarction; and IRR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.66-2.33 for ischemic stroke) than after a moderate exacerbation (IRR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.46-1.71 for myocardial infarction; and IRR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.33-1.57 for ischemic stroke). The relative risks of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke associated with acute exacerbation were lower among those with more frequent exacerbations (IRR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.24-1.62 vs. IRR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.50-1.91 for myocardial infarction; and IRR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.15-1.48 vs. IRR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.50-1.89 for ischemic stroke). Higher GOLD stage was associated with a lower rate of myocardial infarction (IRR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.61-2.05 vs. IRR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.45-1.98) but not for ischemic stroke. Aspirin use at baseline was associated with a lower risk of ischemic stroke (IRR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.10-1.50 vs. IRR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.47-1.80) but not with myocardial infarction.ConclusionsAcute exacerbations of COPD are associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke within 28 days of their onset. Several patient characteristics were identified that are associated with these events.

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Recent Myocardial Infarction is Associated With Increased Risk in Older Adults With Acute Ischemic Stroke Receiving Thrombolytic Therapy.

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Recent Myocardial Infarction is Associated With Increased Risk in Older Adults With Acute Ischemic Stroke Receiving Thrombolytic Therapy.

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