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Gender Difference in Damage-Mediated Signaling Contributes to Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.


ABSTRACT: Aims: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive lethal disease with a known gender dimorphism. Female patients are more susceptible to PAH, whereas male patients have a lower survival rate. Initial pulmonary vascular damage plays an important role in PAH pathogenesis. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the role of gender in activation of apoptosis/necrosis-mediated signaling pathways in PAH. Results: The media collected from pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs) that died by necrosis or apoptosis were used to treat naive PAECs. Necrotic cell death stimulated phosphorylation of toll-like receptor 4, accumulation of interleukin 1 beta, and expression of E-selectin in a redox-dependent manner; apoptosis did not induce any of these effects. In the animal model of severe PAH, the necrotic marker, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), was visualized in the pulmonary vascular wall of male but not female rats. This vascular necrosis was associated with male-specific redox changes in plasma, activation of the same inflammatory signaling pathway seen in response to necrosis in vitro, and an increased endothelial-leukocyte adhesion in small pulmonary arteries. In PAH patients, gender-specific changes in redox homeostasis correlated with the prognostic marker, B-type natriuretic peptide. Males had also shown elevated circulating levels of HMGB1 and pro-inflammatory changes. Innovation: This study discovered the role of gender in the initiation of damage-associated signaling in PAH and highlights the importance of the gender-specific approach in PAH therapy. Conclusion: In PAH, the necrotic cell death is augmented in male patients compared with female patients. Factors released from necrotic cells could alter redox homeostasis and stimulate inflammatory signaling pathways.

SUBMITTER: Rafikov R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6765065 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Gender Difference in Damage-Mediated Signaling Contributes to Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

Rafikov Ruslan R   Nair Vineet V   Sinari Shripad S   Babu Harini H   Sullivan Jennifer C JC   Yuan Jason X-J JX   Desai Ankit A AA   Rafikova Olga O  

Antioxidants & redox signaling 20190320 13


<b><i>Aims:</i></b> Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive lethal disease with a known gender dimorphism. Female patients are more susceptible to PAH, whereas male patients have a lower survival rate. Initial pulmonary vascular damage plays an important role in PAH pathogenesis. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the role of gender in activation of apoptosis/necrosis-mediated signaling pathways in PAH. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The media collected from pulmonary artery end  ...[more]

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