Dataset Information

Estimates of donated sperm use in the United States: National Survey of Family Growth 1995-2017.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:To provide national estimates of donor insemination (DI) use in the United States and a description of the population of users. DESIGN:Population estimates were generated from nationally representative data through weighted proportions and count estimates. SETTING:Not applicable. PATIENT(S):Participants were U.S. women of childbearing age (15-44 years) sampled for interview in the National Survey of Family Growth. INTERVENTION(S):None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S):Respondents who reported having received artificial insemination were asked the origin of the sperm. Responses could include husband/partner, donor only, or mixed donor and husband/partner. RESULT(S):In 1995, an estimated 170,701 (95% confidence interval 106,577-234,825) women had undergone DI using donor or mixed sperm. In 2015-2017, 440,986 (95% confidence interval 108,458-773,513) women were estimated to have used it. The DI users were mostly white, urban, older, college-educated, and had high family incomes. CONCLUSION(S):The DI use changed over time, from a decrease between 1995 and 2013 to a precipitous growth in 2015 to 2017. In recent years, nearly half a million women may be dealing with personal, relationship, and familial issues born of DI use. The United States does not maintain records on the usage of donor sperm, but better tracking of the use and outcomes of treatment would provide better estimates of the size of the affected population.

SUBMITTER: Arocho R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6765402 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Estimates of donated sperm use in the United States: National Survey of Family Growth 1995-2017.

Arocho Rachel R Lozano Elizabeth B EB Halpern Carolyn T CT

Fertility and sterility 20190729 4

<h4>Objective</h4>To provide national estimates of donor insemination (DI) use in the United States and a description of the population of users.<h4>Design</h4>Population estimates were generated from nationally representative data through weighted proportions and count estimates.<h4>Setting</h4>Not applicable.<h4>Patient(s)</h4>Participants were U.S. women of childbearing age (15-44 years) sampled for interview in the National Survey of Family Growth.<h4>Intervention(s)</h4>None.<h4>Main outcom ...[more]

PMID: 31371048

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Project description:OBJECTIVES:The emergency department is an important venue for initial sepsis recognition and care. We sought to determine contemporary estimates of the epidemiology of U.S. emergency department visits for sepsis. DESIGN:Analysis of data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. SETTING:U.S. emergency department visits, 2009-2011. PATIENTS:Adult (age, ? 18 yr) emergency department sepsis patients. We defined serious infection as an emergency department diagnosis of a serious infection or a triage temperature greater than 38°C or less than 36°C. We defined three emergency department sepsis classifications: 1) original emergency department sepsis-serious infection plus emergency department diagnosis of organ dysfunction, endotracheal intubation, or systolic blood pressure less than or equal to 90?mm Hg or explicit sepsis emergency department diagnoses; 2) quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment emergency department sepsis-serious infection plus presence of at least two "quick" Sequential Organ Failure Assessment criteria (Glasgow Coma Scale ? 14, respiratory rate ? 22 breaths/min, or systolic blood pressure ? 100?mm Hg); and 3) revised emergency department sepsis-original or quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment emergency department sepsis. INTERVENTIONS:None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:We used survey design and weighting variables to produce national estimates of annual adult emergency department visits using updated sepsis classifications. Over 2009-2011, there were 103,257,516 annual adult emergency department visits. The estimated number of emergency department sepsis visits were as follows: 1) original emergency department sepsis 665,319 (0.64%; 95% CI, 0.57-0.73); 2) quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment emergency department sepsis 318,832 (0.31%; 95% CI, 0.26-0.37); and 3) revised emergency department sepsis 847,868 (0.82%; 95% CI, 0.74-0.91). CONCLUSIONS:Sepsis continues to present a major burden to U.S. emergency departments, affecting up to nearly 850,000 emergency department visits annually. Updated sepsis classifications may impact national estimates of emergency department sepsis epidemiology.

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Project description:ImportanceInequalities in preterm infant mortality exist between population subgroups within the United States.ObjectiveTo characterize trends in preterm infant mortality by maternal race and socioeconomic status to assess how inequalities in preterm mortality rates have changed over time.Design, setting, and participantsThis was a retrospective longitudinal descriptive study using the US National Center for Health Statistics birth infant/death data set for 12 256 303 preterm infant births over 26 years, between 1995 and 2020. Data were analyzed from December 2022 to March 2023.ExposuresMaternal characteristics including race, smoking status, educational attainment, antenatal care, and insurance status were used as reported on an infant's US birth certificate.Main outcomes and measuresPreterm infant mortality rate was calculated for each year from 1995 to 2020 for all subgroups, with a trend regression coefficient calculated to describe the rate of change in preterm mortality.ResultsThe average US preterm infant mortality rate (IMR) decreased from 33.71 (95% CI, 33.71 to 34.04) per 1000 preterm births per year between 1995-1997, to 23.32 (95% CI, 23.05 to 23.58) between 2018-2020. Black non-Hispanic infants were more likely to die following preterm births than White non-Hispanic infants (IMR, 31.09; 95% CI, 30.44 to 31.74, vs 21.81; 95% CI, 21.43 to 22.18, in 2018-2020); however, once born, extremely prematurely Black and Hispanic infants had a narrow survival advantage (IMR rate ratio, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.84 to 0.91, in 2018-2020). The rate of decrease in preterm IMR was higher in Black infants (-0.015) than in White (-0.013) and Hispanic infants (-0.010); however, the relative risk of preterm IMR among Black infants compared with White infants remained the same between 1995-1997 vs 2018-2020 (relative risk, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.38 to 1.44, vs 1.43; 95% CI, 1.39 to 1.46). The rate of decrease in preterm IMR was higher in nonsmokers compared with smokers (-0.015 vs -0.010, respectively), in those with high levels of education compared with those with intermediate or low (-0.016 vs - 0.010 or -0.011, respectively), and in those who had received adequate antenatal care compared with those who did not (-0.014 vs -0.012 for intermediate and -0.013 for inadequate antenatal care). Over time, the relative risk of preterm mortality widened within each of these subgroups.Conclusions and relevanceThis study found that between 1995 and 2020, US preterm infant mortality improved among all categories of prematurity. Inequalities in preterm infant mortality based on maternal race and ethnicity have remained constant while socioeconomic disparities have widened over time.

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Dataset Information

Estimates of donated sperm use in the United States: National Survey of Family Growth 1995-2017.

Publications

Estimates of donated sperm use in the United States: National Survey of Family Growth 1995-2017.

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