Dataset Information

Higher Chain Length Distribution in Debranched Type-3 Resistant Starches (RS3) Increases TLR Signaling and Supports Dendritic Cell Cytokine Production.

ABSTRACT:

Scope

Resistant starches (RSs) are classically considered to elicit health benefits through fermentation. However, it is recently shown that RSs can also support health by direct immune interactions. Therefore, it has been hypothesized that the structural traits of RSs might impact the health benefits associated with their consumption.

Methods and results

Effects of crystallinity, molecular weight, and chain length distribution of RSs are determined on immune Toll-like receptors (TLRs), dendritic cells (DCs), and T-cell cytokines production. To this end, four type-3 RSs (RS3) are compared, namely Paselli WFR, JD150, debranched Etenia, and Amylose fraction V, which are extracted from potatoes and enzymatically modified. Dextrose equivalent seems to be the most important feature influencing immune signaling via activation of TLRs. TLR2 and TLR4 are most strongly stimulated. Especially Paselli WFR is a potent activator of multiple receptors. Moreover, the presence of amylose, even to residual levels, enhances DC and T-cell cytokine responses. Paselli WFR and Amylose fraction V influence T-cell polarization.

Conclusions

It has been shown here that chain length and particularly dextrose equivalent are critical features for immune activation. This knowledge might lead to tailoring and design of immune-active RS formulations.

SUBMITTER: Lepine AFP

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6767581 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Higher Chain Length Distribution in Debranched Type-3 Resistant Starches (RS3) Increases TLR Signaling and Supports Dendritic Cell Cytokine Production.

Lépine Alexia F P AFP de Hilster Roderick H J RHJ Leemhuis Hans H Oudhuis Lizette L Buwalda Piet L PL de Vos Paul P

Molecular nutrition & food research 20181123 2

<h4>Scope</h4>Resistant starches (RSs) are classically considered to elicit health benefits through fermentation. However, it is recently shown that RSs can also support health by direct immune interactions. Therefore, it has been hypothesized that the structural traits of RSs might impact the health benefits associated with their consumption.<h4>Methods and results</h4>Effects of crystallinity, molecular weight, and chain length distribution of RSs are determined on immune Toll-like receptors ( ...[more]

PMID: 30412339

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Project description:IntroductionPost-infection syndromes are characterised by fatigue, muscle pain, anhedonia, and cognitive impairment; mechanistic studies exploring these syndromes have focussed on pathways downstream of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 activation. Here, we investigated the mechanistic interplay between behaviour, metabolism, and inflammation downstream of TLR-7 activation compared to TLR-4 activation in male and female CD1 mice.MethodsAnimals received either a TLR-4 (LPS; 0.83 mg/kg) or TLR-7 (R848, 5 mg/kg) agonist, or saline, and behaviour was analysed in an Open Field (OF) at 24 h (n = 20/group). Plasma, liver, and prefrontal cortex (PFC) were collected for gene expression analysis at 24 h and 1H-NMR metabolomics.ResultsTLR-4 and TLR-7 activation decreased distance travelled and rearing in the OF, but activation of each receptor induced distinct cytokine responses and metabolome profiles. LPS increased IL-1β expression and CXCL1 in the PFC, but TLR7 activation did not and strongly induced PFC CXCL10 expression. Thus, TLR7 induced sickness behaviour is independent of IL-1β expression. In both cases, the behavioural response to TLR activation was sexually dimorphic: females were more resilient. However, dissociation was observed between the resilient female mice behaviour and the levels of gene cytokine expression, which was, in general, higher in the female mice. However, the metabolic shifts induced by immune activation were better correlated with the sex-dependent behavioural dimorphisms; increased levels of antioxidant potential in the female brain are intrinsic male/female metabolome differences. A common feature of both TLR4 and TLR7 activation was an increase in N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) in the PFC, which is likely be an allostatic response to the challenges as sickness behaviour is inversely correlated with NAA levels.DiscussionThe results highlight how the cytokine profile induced by one PAMP cannot be extrapolated to another, but they do reveal how the manipulation of the conserved metabolome response might afford a more generic approach to the treatment of post-infection syndromes.

Dataset Information

Higher Chain Length Distribution in Debranched Type-3 Resistant Starches (RS3) Increases TLR Signaling and Supports Dendritic Cell Cytokine Production.

Scope

Methods and results

Conclusions

Publications

Higher Chain Length Distribution in Debranched Type-3 Resistant Starches (RS3) Increases TLR Signaling and Supports Dendritic Cell Cytokine Production.

Similar Datasets

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