Dataset Information

Computational Network Modeling of Intranidal Hemodynamic Compartmentalization in a Theoretical Three-Dimensional Brain Arteriovenous Malformation.

ABSTRACT: There are currently no in vivo techniques to accurately study dynamic equilibrium of blood flow within separate regions (compartments) of a large brain arteriovenous malformation (AVM) nidus. A greater understanding of this AVM compartmentalization, even if theoretical, would be useful for optimal planning of endovascular and multimodal AVM therapies. We aimed to develop a biomathematical AVM model for theoretical investigations of intranidal regions of increased mean intravascular pressure (P_mean) and flow representing hemodynamic compartments, upon simulated AVM superselective angiography (SSA). We constructed an AVM model as a theoretical electrical circuit containing four arterial feeders (AF1-AF4) and a three-dimensional nidus of 97 interconnected plexiform and fistulous components. We simulated SSA by increases in P_mean in each AF (with and without occlusion of all other AFs), and then used network analysis to establish resulting increases in P_mean and flow within each nidus vessel. We analyzed shifts in hemodynamic compartments consequent to increasing AF injection pressures. SSA simulated by increases of 10 mm Hg in AF1, AF2, AF3, or AF4 resulted in dissipation of P_mean over 38, 66, 76, or 20% of the nidus, respectively, rising slightly with simultaneous occlusion of other AFs. We qualitatively analyzed shifting intranidal compartments consequent to varying injection pressures by mapping the hemodynamic changes onto the nidus network. Differences in extent of nidus filling upon SSA injections provide theoretical evidence that hemodynamic and angioarchitectural features help establish AVM nidus compartmentalization. This model based on a theoretical AVM will serve as a useful computational tool for further investigations of AVM embolotherapy strategies.

SUBMITTER: Jain MS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6769414 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Computational Network Modeling of Intranidal Hemodynamic Compartmentalization in a Theoretical Three-Dimensional Brain Arteriovenous Malformation.

Jain Mika S MS Do Huy M HM Massoud Tarik F TF

Frontiers in physiology 20190924

There are currently no <i>in vivo</i> techniques to accurately study dynamic equilibrium of blood flow within separate regions (compartments) of a large brain arteriovenous malformation (AVM) nidus. A greater understanding of this AVM compartmentalization, even if theoretical, would be useful for optimal planning of endovascular and multimodal AVM therapies. We aimed to develop a biomathematical AVM model for theoretical investigations of intranidal regions of increased mean intravascular pressu ...[more]

PMID: 31607956

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Project description:Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation (CAVM) hemodynamic is disease condition, results changes in the flow and pressure level in cerebral blood vessels. Measuring flow and pressure without catheter intervention along the vessel is big challenge due to vessel bifurcations/complex bifurcations in Arteriovenous Malformation patients. The vessel geometry in CAVM patients are complex, composed of varying diameters, lengths, and bifurcations of various angles. The variations in the vessel diameter and bifurcation angle complicate the measurement and analysis of blood flow features invasively or non-invasively.In this paper, we proposed a lumped model for the bifurcation for symmetrical and asymmetrical networks in CAVM patients. The models are created using MATLAB Simulation software for various bifurcation angles. Each bifurcation angle created using electrical network- RLC. The segmentation and pre-processing of bifurcation vessels are implemented using adaptive segmentation. The proposed network address clinicians problem by measuring hemodynamic non-invasively. The method is applicable for any types of bifurcation networks with different bifurcation angles in CAVM patients.In this work, we constructed a mathematical model, measured hemodynamic for 23 patients (actual and simulated cases) with 60 vessel bifurcation angles variations. The results indicate that comparisons evidenced highly significant correlations between values computed by the lumped model and simulated mechanical model for both networks with p < 0.0001. A P value of less than 0.05 considered statistically significant.In this paper, we have modelled different bifurcation types and automatically display pressure and flow non-invasively at different node and at different angles of bifurcation in the complex vessel with help of bifurcation parameters, using lumped parameter model. We have simulated for different bifurcation angles and diameters of vessel for various imaging modality and model extend for different organs. This will help clinicians to measure haemodynamic parameters noninvasively at various bifurcations, where even catheter cannot be reached.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations are abnormal direct connections between the pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein which result in a right-to-left shunt. They are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality mainly from the effects of paradoxical emboli. Potential complications include stroke, cerebral abscess, pulmonary haemorrhage and hypoxaemia. Embolisation is an endovascular intervention based on the occlusion of the feeding arteries the pulmonary arteriovenous malformations thus eliminating the abnormal right-to-left-shunting. This is an update of a previously published review. OBJECTIVES:To determine the efficacy and safety of embolisation in patients with pulmonary arteriovenous malformations including a comparison with surgical resection and different embolisation devices. SEARCH METHODS:We searched the Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Group's Trials Register; date of last search: 10 April 2017.We also searched the following databases: the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry; ClinicalTrials.gov; International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number Register; International Clinical Trials Registry Platform Search Portal (last searched 27 August 2017). to be updatedWe checked cross-references and searched references from review articles. SELECTION CRITERIA:Trials in which individuals with pulmonary arteriovenous malformations were randomly allocated to embolisation compared to no treatment, surgical resection or embolisation using a different embolisation device. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS:Studies identified for potential inclusion were independently assessed for eligibility by two authors, with excluded studies further checked by a third author. No trials were identified for inclusion in the review and hence no analysis was performed. MAIN RESULTS:There were no randomised controlled trials included in the review; one ongoing trial has been identified which may be eligible for inclusion in the future. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS:There is no evidence from randomised controlled trials for embolisation of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations. However, randomised controlled trials are not always feasible on ethical grounds. Accumulated data from observational studies suggest that embolisation is a safe procedure which reduces morbidity and mortality. A standardised approach to reporting with long-term follow-up through registry studies can help to strengthen the evidence for embolisation in the absence of randomised controlled trials.

Project description:Assessing the efficacy of specific porous materials for use in various applications has been a central focus for many experimental studies over the years, with a view to altering the material properties according to the desired characteristics. The application potential for one such class of nanoporous materials-organic resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) gels-is of particular interest, due to their attractive and adjustable properties. In this work, we simulate adsorption analysis using lattice-based mean field theory, both in individual pores and within three-dimensional porous materials generated from a kinetic Monte Carlo cluster aggregation model. We investigate the impacts of varying pore size and geometry on the adsorptive behavior, with results agreeing with those previously postulated in the literature. The adsorption analysis is carried out for porous materials simulated with varying catalyst concentrations and solids contents, allowing their structural properties to be assessed from resulting isotherms and the adsorption and desorption processes visualized using density color maps. Isotherm analysis indicated that both low catalyst concentrations and low solids contents resulted in structures with open transport pores that were larger in width, while high catalyst concentrations and solids contents resulted in structures with bottleneck pores that were narrower. We present results from both the simulated isotherms and pore size analysis distributions, in addition to results from RF gels synthesized in the lab and analyzed experimentally, with significant similarities observed between the two. Not only do the results of this comparison validate the kinetic Monte Carlo model's ability to successfully capture the formation of RF gels under varying synthesis parameters, but they also show significant promise for the tailoring of material properties in an efficient and computationally inexpensive manner-something which would be pivotal in realizing their full application potential, and could be applied to other porous materials whose formation mechanism operates under similar principles.

Dataset Information

Computational Network Modeling of Intranidal Hemodynamic Compartmentalization in a Theoretical Three-Dimensional Brain Arteriovenous Malformation.

Publications

Computational Network Modeling of Intranidal Hemodynamic Compartmentalization in a Theoretical Three-Dimensional Brain Arteriovenous Malformation.

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