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Evaluation of halitosis in adult patients after treatment with photodynamic therapy associated with periodontal treatment: Protocol for a randomized, controlled, single-blinded trial with 3-month follow up.

ABSTRACT: RATIONALE:Halitosis is an unpleasant odor that emanates from the mouth. Studies show halitosis returns in a week, after treatment with PDT. Probably, bacteria living in the periodontal sulcus could recolonize the dorsum of the tongue. Until nowadays, there are no study in adult population that associates halitosis and periodontal treatment with follow-up evaluation. The aim of this randomized, controlled, single-blinded clinical trial is to treat oral halitosis in healthy adults with photodynamic therapy (PDT), associated with periodontal treatment and follow them up for 3 months. PATIENT CONCERNS:: the concerns assessments will be done over the study using anamnesis interviews and specific questionnaire. DIAGNOSES:: halitosis will be evaluated by OralChroma. INTERVENTIONS:The participants (n = 40) with halitosis will be randomized into 2 groups: G1-treatment with PDT (n?=?20) or G2-cleaning of the tongue with a tongue scraper (n?=?20). OUTCOMES:Halitosis will be evaluated by measuring volatile sulfur compounds using gas chromatography. After the treatments, a second evaluation will be performed, along with a microbiological analysis (RT-PCR) for the identification of the bacteria T. denticola. The assessment of halitosis and the microbiological analysis will be repeated. After that, patients will receive periodontal treatment. The participants will return after 1 week and 3 months for an additional evaluation. Quality of life will be measured by Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire (OHIP-14). LESSONS:This protocol will determine the effectiveness of phototherapy regarding the reduction of halitosis in adults. clinicaltrials.gov NCT03996915. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION:This protocol received approval from the Human Research Ethics Committee of Universidade Nove de Julho (certificate number: 3.257.104). The data will be published in a peer-reviewed periodical.

SUBMITTER: Romero SDS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6775352 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Evaluation of halitosis in adult patients after treatment with photodynamic therapy associated with periodontal treatment: Protocol for a randomized, controlled, single-blinded trial with 3-month follow up.

Romero Sergio Dos Santos SDS Schalch Tânia Oppido TO do Vale Katia Llanos KL Ando Ellen Sayuri ES Mayer Marcia Pinto Alves MPA Feniar Joanna Paula Gaba JPG Fernandes Kristianne Porta Santos KPS Bussadori Sandra Kalil SK Motta Lara Jansiski LJ Negreiros Renata Matalon RM Tempestini Horliana Anna Carolina Ratto ACR

Medicine 20190901 39

<h4>Rationale</h4>Halitosis is an unpleasant odor that emanates from the mouth. Studies show halitosis returns in a week, after treatment with PDT. Probably, bacteria living in the periodontal sulcus could recolonize the dorsum of the tongue. Until nowadays, there are no study in adult population that associates halitosis and periodontal treatment with follow-up evaluation. The aim of this randomized, controlled, single-blinded clinical trial is to treat oral halitosis in healthy adults with pho ...[more]

PMID: 31574796

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Project description:Halitosis is a common problem that affects a large portion of the population worldwide. The origin of this condition is oral in 90% and systemic in 10% of cases. The unpleasant odor is mainly the result of volatile sulfur compounds produced by Gram-negative bacteria. However, it has recently been found that anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria also produce hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the presence of amino acids, such as cysteine. Light, both with and without the use of chemical agents, has been used to induce therapeutic and antimicrobial effects. In photodynamic therapy, the antimicrobial effect is confined to areas covered by photosensitizing dye. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of photodynamic therapy on halitosis in adolescents through the analysis of volatile sulfur compounds measured using gas chromatography and microbiological analysis of coated tongue.A quantitative clinical trial will be carried out involving 60 adolescents randomly divided into the following groups: group 1 will receive treatment with a tongue scraper, group 2 will receive photodynamic therapy applied to the posterior two-thirds of the dorsum of the tongue, and group 3 will receive combined treatment (tongue scraper and photodynamic therapy). Gas chromatography (OralChromaTM) and microbiological analysis will be used for the diagnosis of halitosis at the beginning of the study. Post-treatment evaluations will be conducted at one hour and 24 hours after treatment. The statistical analysis will include the Shapiro-Wilk test for the determination of the distribution of the data. If normal distribution is demonstrated, analysis of variance followed by Tukey's test will be used to compare groups. The Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls test will be used for data with non-normal distribution. Either the paired t-test or the Wilcoxon test will be used to compare data before and after treatment, depending on the distribution of the data.The results of this trial will determine the efficacy of using photodynamic therapy alone or in combination with a tongue scraper to treat bad breath in adolescents.The protocol for this study was registered with Clinical Trials (registration number NCT02007993) on 10 December 2013.

Project description:ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the impact of a national media campaign to promote oral health and periodontal knowledge among adults after a three-month follow-up.MethodsWe conducted a population-based study of adults aged 18 to 50 years using a stratified multi-stage sampling method in Tehran, Iran in 2011. The campaign included an animation clip about periodontal health and disease telecast on national TV for ten consecutive days. We used an instrument to assess the effect of the campaign at baseline, immediately after the campaign and after a three-month follow-up. A total of 543 participants responded at baseline and immediately after the intervention, and 294 were interviewed at the three-month follow-up assessment (response rate: 54.1%). We assessed each participant's periodontal knowledge score, calculated as a sum of correct answers, and the change in their score following the campaign. We then used a five-item questionnaire to evaluate the participants' opinion of the success of the campaign. We used descriptive statistics and generalised estimating equations (GEE) analysis to conduct the statistical analysis.ResultsThe mean score for knowledge improvement from baseline to immediate post-intervention evaluation was higher among those who saw the campaign (0.61) than among those who did not (0.29); the corresponding figures from immediate evaluation to three-month follow-up were -0.17 and 0.15, respectively. Adjusting for baseline values, the GEE analysis demonstrated that improvement in the mean score of post-campaign knowledge associated significantly with age, education and seeing the campaign. Significant interaction between the time since seeing the campaign and whether the participant saw it (p < 0.001) revealed that the mean difference in the knowledge score between the groups who did and did not see the campaign was 0.4 at the immediate evaluation and -0.04 at the three-month follow-up. The participants received the campaign well in terms of being appealing (91.4%), worth bearing in mind (83.4%) and containing valuable information (80.3%).ConclusionsOur findings indicate that a population-based media campaign promoting oral health and periodontal knowledge among adults had a positive short-term impact, although the effect seemed to plateau after three months.

Dataset Information

Evaluation of halitosis in adult patients after treatment with photodynamic therapy associated with periodontal treatment: Protocol for a randomized, controlled, single-blinded trial with 3-month follow up.

Publications

Evaluation of halitosis in adult patients after treatment with photodynamic therapy associated with periodontal treatment: Protocol for a randomized, controlled, single-blinded trial with 3-month follow up.

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