Effect of dietary fat and sucrose consumption on cardiac fibrosis in mice and rhesus monkeys.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Natarajan N
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6795382 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Effect of dietary fat and sucrose consumption on cardiac fibrosis in mice and rhesus monkeys.
Natarajan Niranjana N Vujic Ana A Das Jishnu J Wang Annie C AC Phu Krystal K KK Kiehm Spencer H SH Ricci-Blair Elisabeth M EM Zhu Anthony Y AY Vaughan Kelli L KL Colman Ricki J RJ Mattison Julie A JA Lee Richard T RT
JCI insight 20190919 18
Calorie restriction (CR) improved health span in 2 longitudinal studies in nonhuman primates (NHPs), yet only the University of Wisconsin (UW) study demonstrated an increase in survival in CR monkeys relative to controls; the National Institute on Aging (NIA) study did not. Here, analysis of left ventricle samples showed that CR did not reduce cardiac fibrosis relative to controls. However, there was a 5.9-fold increase of total fibrosis in UW hearts, compared with NIA hearts. Diet composition w ...[more]
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The GLM model used here was: ~p+f+p:f, which regresses gene expression (CPM) against the protein (p) and fat contents (f) of diets, as well as their interaction (p:f). However, when the effect of the interaction was not significant (p value ≥ 0.05), the interaction term was dropped and a revised model (~p+f) was utilized. Results: With TopHat-HTSeq pipeline, reads of each sample were mapped to 46,078 genes. In hypothalamus there were 15,371 genes with the counts per million (CPM) value ≥ 1 in at least one of the 24 diets group; in white adipose tissue there were 18,202 genes with the CPM value ≥ 1 in at least one of the 24 diets group. No major changes in hypothalamic gene expression levels were found in relation to different dietary protein levels at fixed fat contents, however hypothalamic gene expression showed increase in expression of genes in reward pathways in relation to dietary fat, while Agrp and Npy were both downregulated in relation to dietary fat levels. WAT gene expression showed decrease in expression of general thermogenic related genes and WAT browning related genes in relation to both dietary protein and dietary fat, while Tgfb1, Pdk4 and Fgf1 were all upregulated in relation to dietary fat levels. Conclusions: Significant positive associations were evident between the fat levels of the diet and the main hedonic signaling systems linked to food intake. Significant negative associations were found between both protein and fat levels of the diet and WAT browning or general thermogenic signalings linked to energy expenditure.
2018-05-29 | GSE114960 | GEO
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