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Hijacking antibody-induced CTLA-4 lysosomal degradation for safer and more effective cancer immunotherapy.

ABSTRACT: It remains unclear why the clinically used anti-CTLA-4 antibodies, popularly called checkpoint inhibitors, have severe immunotherapy-related adverse effects (irAEs) and yet suboptimal cancer immunotherapeutic effects (CITE). Here we report that while irAE-prone Ipilimumab and TremeIgG1 rapidly direct cell surface CTLA-4 for lysosomal degradation, the non-irAE-prone antibodies we generated, HL12 or HL32, dissociate from CTLA-4 after endocytosis and allow CTLA-4 recycling to cell surface by the LRBA-dependent mechanism. Disrupting CTLA-4 recycling results in robust CTLA-4 downregulation by all anti-CTLA-4 antibodies and confers toxicity to a non-irAE-prone anti-CTLA-4 mAb. Conversely, increasing the pH sensitivity of TremeIgG1 by introducing designed tyrosine-to-histidine mutations prevents antibody-triggered lysosomal CTLA-4 downregulation and dramatically attenuates irAE. Surprisingly, by avoiding CTLA-4 downregulation and due to their increased bioavailability, pH-sensitive anti-CTLA-4 antibodies are more effective in intratumor regulatory T-cell depletion and rejection of large established tumors. Our data establish a new paradigm for cancer research that allows for abrogating irAE while increasing CITE of anti-CTLA-4 antibodies.

SUBMITTER: Zhang Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6796842 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Hijacking antibody-induced CTLA-4 lysosomal degradation for safer and more effective cancer immunotherapy.

Zhang Yan Y Du Xuexiang X Liu Mingyue M Tang Fei F Zhang Peng P Ai Chunxia C Fields James K JK Sundberg Eric J EJ Latinovic Olga S OS Devenport Martin M Zheng Pan P Liu Yang Y

Cell research 20190702 8

It remains unclear why the clinically used anti-CTLA-4 antibodies, popularly called checkpoint inhibitors, have severe immunotherapy-related adverse effects (irAEs) and yet suboptimal cancer immunotherapeutic effects (CITE). Here we report that while irAE-prone Ipilimumab and TremeIgG1 rapidly direct cell surface CTLA-4 for lysosomal degradation, the non-irAE-prone antibodies we generated, HL12 or HL32, dissociate from CTLA-4 after endocytosis and allow CTLA-4 recycling to cell surface by the LR ...[more]

PMID: 31267017

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Dataset Information

Hijacking antibody-induced CTLA-4 lysosomal degradation for safer and more effective cancer immunotherapy.

Publications

Hijacking antibody-induced CTLA-4 lysosomal degradation for safer and more effective cancer immunotherapy.

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