Dataset Information

Effect of physical activity on independent living ability among community-dwelling elderly in urban areas of Liaoning Province in China: a population-based study.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:Independent living ability is crucial for the elderly; however, its assessment performed in China employs various scales and lacks risk factors, especially behavioural and social-psychological factors, which could be improved through health education. This study aimed to assess the independent living ability of community-dwelling elderly in urban areas of China and to identify the association with behavioral and social-psychological factors. DESIGN:A population-based study using random cluster sampling method was performed in two core cities in Liaoning Province during March-November 2012. STUDY POPULATION:3686 individuals who were >=65 years old, had no dementia and cognitive impairment, had lived in the sampled communities for >=5 years and could take part in the study were enrolled. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Interviews were conducted to collect information of independent living ability, indicated by the instrumental activity of daily living (IADL), behavioural factors, social-psychological factors and confounders (demographic characteristics and health status). The Mini-Mental State Examination was used to screen for cognitive impairment. RESULTS:The independence rate was 46.3% in men and 41.1% in women. Structural equation modelling analysis showed that physical activity, drawn from taking a walk and doing exercise, had the strongest association with the IADL in both men (-0.34, SE 0.10) and women (-0.33, SE 0.11). Falling in the last year and worrying about falling were also significantly associated with IADL. The effects of regular drinking, feeling lonely and participating in entertainment were significant in men. CONCLUSION:The independent living ability of the elderly in urban areas in Liaoning Province in China was at a low level. Physical activity was one of the important roles in both men and women; whereas the role of social-psychological factors only existed in men. Gender-specific healthcare and education to avoid sedentary life should be advocated for the elderly to maintain/improve their independent living ability.

SUBMITTER: Wang B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6797253 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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effect of physical activity on independent living ability among community-dwelling elderly in urban areas of Liaoning Province in China: a population-based study.

Wang Bowen B Wu Yijiao Y Zhang Tianjiao T Han Jinsong J Yu Lianzheng L Sun Wei W

BMJ open 20191016 10

<h4>Objective</h4>Independent living ability is crucial for the elderly; however, its assessment performed in China employs various scales and lacks risk factors, especially behavioural and social-psychological factors, which could be improved through health education. This study aimed to assess the independent living ability of community-dwelling elderly in urban areas of China and to identify the association with behavioral and social-psychological factors.<h4>Design</h4>A population-based stu ...[more]

PMID: 31619410

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Project description:Backgrounds and aimsHealth trajectories in aging, rather than single time-point assessments, could be early indicators of the onset of conditions such as dementia. The aim of this study was to identify different aging trajectories and to investigate their influence on the cumulative incidence of dementia.MethodsWe evaluated data referring to 993 elders from the InveCe.Ab study cohort. All subjects were free from dementia at baseline and re-assessed on at least one other occasion thereafter. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), physical function using the Walking Speed Test (WST), and disability on the basis of the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) score. To describe the different courses of the three outcomes combined, the Group-Based Trajectory Model (GBTM) method was applied. We looked for differences in age, gender, education, ApoE-e4 carrier status and obesity, and then investigated the influence of the observed trajectories on the incidence of dementia.ResultsThree trajectories were identified: a "good" scenario was observed in 703 (70.2%) individuals, who showed substantially stable cognitive and physical function and no disability; an "intermediate" scenario in 248 subjects (25.5%), who recorded a longer walking time, lower MMSE score, and a one-point higher ADL score; and a "severe" scenario in 42 elders (4.3%), who recorded declines in all the outcomes. Female gender, obesity and low education were most represented in the "severe" group. ApoE-e4 carrier status showed no difference between groups. The estimated cumulative incidence of dementia was higher in the "severe" (37%) than in the "intermediate" (7%) and "good" (< 1%) scenarios.ConclusionsUsing simple measurements, we built different aging trajectories, and observed that the worst performers had the highest incidence of dementia. Better knowledge of trajectories of aging would be useful for preventive interventions aimed at promoting healthier aging.

Project description:OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to investigate the perceptions of elderly caregivers in Chinese nursing homes (NHs) and associated factors with regard to knowledge, attitude about elderly and self-efficacy. SETTING:A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted in 12 NHs in Liaoning Province, China. PARTICIPANTS:A total of 403 caregivers from 12 NHs were surveyed. OUTCOME MEASURES:Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire composed of the Palmore's Facts on Aging Quiz I, Kogan's Attitude Towards Old People Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale and background characteristics of participants. An average score for knowledge, attitude and self-efficacy was calculated. Differences across groups were evaluated using Student's t-test and analysis of variance. Multivariable linear regression models were established to estimate the associated factors. RESULTS:The participating caregivers reported a relative low score on knowledge about the elderly (10.42±2.79), attitude towards old people (127.85±14.36) and self-efficacy (27.12±4.9). Multivariable regression analysis showed that respondents who had high educational level (?=0.212, 95%?CI 0.193 to 0.824), received prejob training (?=0.193, 95%?CI 0.081 to 1.169) and had high job satisfaction (general satisfaction: ?=0.345, 95%?CI 0.223 to 1.875; very satisfied: ?=0.322, 95%?CI 0.210 to 1.283) gave a positive rating on knowledge. Caregivers who were employed as formal staff (?=0.155, 95%?CI 0.116 to 1.670), earned a high income (?=0.214, 95%?CI 0.117 to 1.461) and had an interest in working with the elderly (?=0.141, 95%?CI 0.088 to 1.508) tended to develop a positive attitude towards the elderly. However, caregivers who were female (?=-0.110, 95%?CI -1.751 to -0.080) and had long work experience (?=-0.130, 95%?CI -1.527 to -0.110) developed negative perception. Caregivers who were older (?=0.215, 95%?CI 0.139 to 1.027), received prejob training (?=0.143, 95%?CI 0.113 to 1.024), had an interest in working with the elderly (?=0.154, 95%?CI 0.114 to 1.015), had high job satisfaction (?=0.177, 95%?CI 0.116 to 1.223) and perceived better health status for the elderly (partial disability: ?=0.437, 95%?CI 0.259 to 1.600; no disability: ?=0.288, 95%?CI 0.153 to 1.211) gave a positive rating on self-efficacy. CONCLUSION:Knowledge about the elderly, attitude towards old people and self-efficacy of elderly caregivers in Chinese NHs were at low levels. Some targeted intervention programmes, such as conducting professional training for aged care and a performance-based payment system, should be given priority to improve these attributes.

Project description:BackgroundIdentification of factors relevant to balance performance impairments in the elderly population was critical for developing effective interventions and preventions. However, there have been very limited data available based on large scale studies. The present study identified factors that independently contributed to performance impairments in overall balance, domains of static balance, postural stability, and dynamic balance, and individual items.MethodsA total of 1984 community-dwelling Chinese elderly from urban areas of Shanghai were recruited. Information on demographic characteristic, exercise, and health status were collected with a face-to-face interview. Balance performances were assessed on site by trained investigators based on the X16 balance testing scale. To identify the effectors, ordinal logistic regression analysis was applied for overall balance, static balance, postural stability, and dynamic balance. Binary logistic regression analysis was used for 16 items.ResultsThe community-dwelling elderly residents were aged from 60 to 97 years old. With increases of age, risks of impairments in overall balance increased gradually (ORs from 1.26 to 3.20, all P < 0.01). In the elderly with overweight and obesity, there was higher proportion of balance impairments compared to the elderly with normal BMI (OR = 1.26, P < 0.001). Regular exercise every week was associated with reduced risks of balance impairments (ORs from 0.63 to 0.73, all P < 0.001). Presences with vision lesion (ORs from 1.28 to 1.59, all P < 0.001), moderate hearing impairment (OR = 1.54, P < 0.001), somesthesis dysfunction (ORs from 1.59 to 13.26, all P < 0.001), and cerebrovascular disease (OR = 1.45, P = 0.001) were related to increased risks of balance impairments. Likewise, age, exercise, vision, hearing, somesthesis, and cerebrovascular disease were significantly associated with static balance, postural stability, and dynamic balance. Both overweight and obesity and underweight were associated with higher proportions of dynamic balance impairments. Regular exercise was significantly related to reduced risks of impairments in 15 out of the 16 items.ConclusionsIn the elderly, age, overweight and obesity, exercise, vision, hearing, somesthesia, and cerebrovascular disease were dominant factors associated with impairments in overall balance, domains of static balance, postural stability, and dynamic balance, and most individual items.Trial registrationNot applicable.

Dataset Information

Effect of physical activity on independent living ability among community-dwelling elderly in urban areas of Liaoning Province in China: a population-based study.

Publications

effect of physical activity on independent living ability among community-dwelling elderly in urban areas of Liaoning Province in China: a population-based study.

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