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Biomarkers of oral inflammation in perinatally HIV-infected and perinatally HIV-exposed, uninfected youth.

ABSTRACT: AIM:To examine oral biomarkers that have been associated with periodontal disease progression in HIV-infected adults in perinatally HIV-infected and HIV-exposed but uninfected youth. MATERIAL AND METHODS:This was a cross-sectional, multicentre substudy of youth participating in the Oral Health Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort study. Gingival crevicular fluid repository samples from participants with and without periodontal disease (using Gingival Index [GI] and Bleeding on Probing [BOP] parameters on dental examination) were tested for concentration levels of inflammatory biomarkers. Associations were assessed using Wilcoxon test and Spearman correlation. RESULTS:For perinatal HIV youth (n = 129), the markers consistently elevated (p < .05) in sites with GI ?2 and in sites with BOP were interleukin-1?, 6 and 13, macrophage inflammatory protein-1? and metalloproteinase-9. Serum tumour necrosis factor-? and soluble CD14 were positively correlated with a summary count of elevated cytokines. No associations were seen among HIV-uninfected subjects (n = 71). CONCLUSIONS:The association of oral biomarkers of inflammation with clinical indicators of periodontal inflammation and systemic immune activation suggests that perinatal HIV-infected youth may be at higher risk for developing significant periodontal disease, associated with tooth loss and HIV progression. More frequent dental care of this group is needed to prevent potential periodontal progression.

SUBMITTER: Moscicki AB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6800591 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Biomarkers of oral inflammation in perinatally HIV-infected and perinatally HIV-exposed, uninfected youth.

Moscicki Anna-Barbara AB Yao Tzy-Jyun TJ Russell Jonathan S JS Farhat Sepideh S Scott Mark M Magpantay Larry L Halec Gordana G Shiboski Caroline H CH Ryder Mark I MI

Journal of clinical periodontology 20190905 11

<h4>Aim</h4>To examine oral biomarkers that have been associated with periodontal disease progression in HIV-infected adults in perinatally HIV-infected and HIV-exposed but uninfected youth.<h4>Material and methods</h4>This was a cross-sectional, multicentre substudy of youth participating in the Oral Health Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort study. Gingival crevicular fluid repository samples from participants with and without periodontal disease (using Gingival Index [GI] and Bleeding on Probing [BOP] ...[more]

PMID: 31385616

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Project description:BackgroundIncreased incidence and prevalence of asthma have been documented for perinatally HIV-infected youth 10 to 21 years of age compared with HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) youth.ObjectiveWe sought to perform objective pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in HIV-infected and HEU youth with and without diagnosed asthma.MethodAsthma was determined in 370 participants (218 HIV-infected and 152 HEU participants) by means of chart review and self-report at 13 sites. Interpretable PFTs (188 HIV-infected and 132 HEU participants) were classified as obstructive, restrictive, or normal, and reversibility was determined after bronchodilator inhalation. Values for HIV-1 RNA, CD4 and CD8 T cells, eosinophils, total IgE, allergen-specific IgE, and urinary cotinine were measured. Adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) of asthma and PFT outcomes were determined for HIV-infected participants relative to HEU participants, controlling for age, race/ethnicity, and sex.ResultsCurrent asthma was identified in 75 (34%) of 218 HIV-infected participants and 38 (25%) of 152 HEU participants (adjusted PR, 1.33; P = .11). The prevalence of obstructive disease did not differ by HIV status. Reversibility was less likely in HIV-infected youth than in HEU youth (17/183 [9%] vs 21/126 [17%]; adjusted PR, 0.47; P = .020) overall and among just those with obstructive PFT results (adjusted PR, 0.46; P = .016). Among HIV-infected youth with current asthma, serum IgE levels were inversely correlated with CD8 T-cell counts and positively correlated with eosinophil counts and not associated with CD4 T-cell counts. HIV-infected youth had lower association of specific IgE levels to several inhalant and food allergens compared with HEU participants and significantly lower CD4/CD8 T-cell ratios (suggesting immune imbalance).ConclusionCompared with HEU youth, HIV-infected youth demonstrated decreased reversibility of obstructive lung disease, which is atypical of asthma. This might indicate an early stage of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Follow-up into adulthood is warranted to further define their pulmonary outcomes.

Dataset Information

Biomarkers of oral inflammation in perinatally HIV-infected and perinatally HIV-exposed, uninfected youth.

Publications

Biomarkers of oral inflammation in perinatally HIV-infected and perinatally HIV-exposed, uninfected youth.

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