Dataset Information

Specific class of intrapartum antibiotics relates to maturation of the infant gut microbiota: a prospective cohort study.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To evaluate the potential impact of intrapartum antibiotics, and their specific classes, on the infant gut microbiota in the first year of life.

Design

Prospective study of infants in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study (NHBCS).

Settings

Rural New Hampshire, USA.

Population or sample

Two hundred and sixty-six full-term infants from the NHBCS.

Methods

Intrapartum antibiotic use during labour and delivery was abstracted from medical records. Faecal samples collected at 6 weeks and 1 year of age were characterised by 16S rRNA sequencing, and metagenomics analysis in a subset of samples.

Exposures

Maternal exposure to antibiotics during labour and delivery.

Main outcome measure

Taxonomic and functional profiles of faecal samples.

Results

Infant exposure to intrapartum antibiotics, particularly to two or more antibiotic classes, was independently associated with lower microbial diversity scores as well as a unique bacterial community at 6 weeks (GUnifrac, P = 0.02). At 1 year, infants in the penicillin-only group had significantly lower ? diversity scores than infants not exposed to intrapartum antibiotics. Within the first year of life, intrapartum exposure to penicillins was related to a significantly lower increase in several taxa including Bacteroides, use of cephalosporins was associated with a significantly lower rise over time in Bifidobacterium and infants in the multi-class group experienced a significantly higher increase in Veillonella dispar.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that intrapartum antibiotics alter the developmental trajectory of the infant gut microbiome, and specific antibiotic types may impact community composition, diversity and keystone immune training taxa.

Tweetable abstract

Class of intrapartum antibiotics administered during delivery relates to maturation of infant gut microbiota.

SUBMITTER: Coker MO

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6803026 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Specific class of intrapartum antibiotics relates to maturation of the infant gut microbiota: a prospective cohort study.

Coker M O MO Hoen A G AG Dade E E Lundgren S S Li Z Z Wong A D AD Zens M S MS Palys T J TJ Morrison H G HG Sogin M L ML Baker E R ER Karagas M R MR Madan J C JC

BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology 20190605 2

<h4>Objective</h4>To evaluate the potential impact of intrapartum antibiotics, and their specific classes, on the infant gut microbiota in the first year of life.<h4>Design</h4>Prospective study of infants in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study (NHBCS).<h4>Settings</h4>Rural New Hampshire, USA.<h4>Population or sample</h4>Two hundred and sixty-six full-term infants from the NHBCS.<h4>Methods</h4>Intrapartum antibiotic use during labour and delivery was abstracted from medical records. Faecal sa ...[more]

PMID: 31006170

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Project description:BackgroundYoung children are frequently exposed to antibiotics, with the potential for collateral consequences to the gut microbiome. The impact of antibiotic exposures to off-target microbes (i.e., bacteria not targeted by treatment) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is poorly understood.MethodsWe used metagenomic sequencing data from paired stool samples collected prior to antibiotic exposure and at 1 year from over 200 infants and a difference-in-differences approach to assess the relationship between subsequent exposures and the abundance or compositional diversity of microbes and ARGs while adjusting for covariates.ResultsBy 1 year, the abundance of multiple species and ARGs differed by antibiotic exposure. Compared to infants never exposed to antibiotics, Bacteroides vulgatus relative abundance increased by 1.72% (95% CI: 0.19, 3.24) while Bacteroides fragilis decreased by 1.56% (95% CI: -4.32, 1.21). Bifidobacterium species also exhibited opposing trends. ARGs associated with exposure included class A beta-lactamase gene CfxA6. Among infants attending day care, Escherichia coli and ARG abundance were both positively associated with antibiotic use.ConclusionNovel findings, including the importance of day care attendance, were identified through considering microbiome data at baseline and post-intervention. Thus, our study design and approach have important implications for future studies evaluating the unintended impacts of antibiotics.ImpactThe impact of antibiotic exposure to off-target microbes and antibiotic resistance genes in the gut is poorly defined. We quantified these impacts in two cohort studies using a difference-in-differences approach. Novel to microbiome studies, we used pre/post-antibiotic data to emulate a randomized controlled trial. Compared to infants unexposed to antibiotics between baseline and 1 year, the relative abundance of multiple off-target species and antibiotic resistance genes was altered. Infants who attended day care and were exposed to antibiotics within the first year had a higher abundance of Escherichia coli and antibiotic resistance genes; a novel finding warranting further investigation.

Project description:The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in food allergies. We sought to identify characteristics of the maternal gut microbiota in the third trimester and the infant gut microbiota in early life and the association of these microbiotas with infant food allergy. A total of 68 healthy pregnant women and their full-term newborns were selected from a cohort of 202 mother-infant pairs; among them, 24 infants had been diagnosed with food allergy within 1 year of age, whereas 44 infants were healthy without allergic symptoms. We collected 65 maternal fecal samples before delivery and 253 infant fecal samples at five time points following birth. Fecal samples were microbiologically analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Holdemania abundance in the maternal gut microbiota in the third trimester was significantly higher in the non-allergy group than in the food allergy group (P = 0.036). In the infant gut microbiota, Holdemania was only found in meconium samples; its abundance did not differ significantly between the two groups. The change in the abundance of Actinobacteria over time differed between the non-allergy and food allergy groups (FA, P = 0.013; NA, P = 9.8 × 10-5), and the change in the abundance of Firmicutes over time differed significantly in the non-allergy group (P = 0.023). The abundances of genera Anaerotruncus, Roseburia, Ruminococcus, and Erysipelotricaceae were significantly different between the non-allergy and food allergy groups at different time points. Our results showed that maternal carriage of Holdemania during the third trimester strongly predicted the absence of food allergies in infants; there was no correlation between the presence of food allergies and the abundance of Holdemania in the infant gut microbiota. More dynamic fluctuations in phyla Actinobacteria and Firmicutes early in life protect against food allergy. Thus, the enrichment of the infant gut microbiota early in life with short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria may be beneficial in preventing the development of food allergies in infants.

Dataset Information

Specific class of intrapartum antibiotics relates to maturation of the infant gut microbiota: a prospective cohort study.

Objective

Design

Settings

Population or sample

Methods

Exposures

Main outcome measure

Results

Conclusions

Tweetable abstract

Publications

Specific class of intrapartum antibiotics relates to maturation of the infant gut microbiota: a prospective cohort study.

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