Dataset Information

Attention in individuals with aphasia: Performance on the Conners' Continuous Performance Test - 2nd edition.

ABSTRACT: Studies suggest that individuals with aphasia present with impairments in attention. However, most research has been conducted with small sample sizes using experimental protocols that lack established psychometric properties. We examined the attention performance of 114 individuals with chronic post-stroke aphasia using a standardised, norm-referenced assessment of attention, the Conners' Continuous Performance Test-II (CPT-II; Conners, C. K. (2000). Conners' Continuous Performance Test II. Toronto: Multi-Health Systems Inc). Participants completed the CPT-II and the Western Aphasia Battery-Revised (WAB-R; Kertesz, A. (2007). Western Aphasia Battery-Revised. San Antonio, TX: PsychCorp). As a group, variable performance on selected CPT-II measures was observed. Participants demonstrated impairments on omissions (48.2%) and hit reaction time (67.5%), with 11.4% demonstrating atypically slow performance and over half of the sample (56.1%) performing atypically fast. The Confidence Index, a summary score, was also within the impaired range for the majority of participants. However, there were also measures in which a greater percentage of participants demonstrated performance within normal limits. Using the WAB-R Aphasia Quotient (AQ) as a measure of severity, there was significantly worse performance in participants with more severe (AQ?

SUBMITTER: Lee JB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6803070 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Attention in individuals with aphasia: Performance on the Conners' Continuous Performance Test - 2nd edition.

Lee Jaime B JB Kocherginsky Masha M Cherney Leora R LR

Neuropsychological rehabilitation 20180418 2

Studies suggest that individuals with aphasia present with impairments in attention. However, most research has been conducted with small sample sizes using experimental protocols that lack established psychometric properties. We examined the attention performance of 114 individuals with chronic post-stroke aphasia using a standardised, norm-referenced assessment of attention, the Conners' Continuous Performance Test-II (CPT-II; Conners, C. K. (2000). <i>Conners' Continuous Performance Test II</ ...[more]

PMID: 29669447

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Project description:BackgroundOne of the major challenges in mental medical care is finding out new instruments for an accurate and objective evaluation of the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Early ADHD identification, severity assessment, and prompt treatment are essential to avoid the negative effects associated with this mental condition.ObjectiveThe aim of our study was to develop a novel ADHD assessment instrument based on Microsoft Kinect, which identifies ADHD cardinal symptoms in order to provide a more accurate evaluation.MethodsA group of 30 children, aged 8-12 years (10.3 [SD 1.4]; male 70% [21/30]), who were referred to the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit of the Department of Psychiatry at Fundación Jiménez Díaz Hospital (Madrid, Spain), were included in this study. Children were required to meet the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria of ADHD diagnosis. One of the parents or guardians of the children filled the Spanish version of the Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD Symptoms and Normal Behavior (SWAN) rating scale used in clinical practice. Each child conducted a Kinect-based continuous performance test (CPT) in which the reaction time (RT), the commission errors, and the time required to complete the reaction (CT) were calculated. The correlations of the 3 predictors, obtained using Kinect methodology, with respect to the scores of the SWAN scale were calculated.ResultsThe RT achieved a correlation of -.11, -.29, and -.37 with respect to the inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity factors of the SWAN scale. The correlations of the commission error with respect to these 3 factors were -.03, .01, and .24, respectively.ConclusionsOur findings show a relation between the Microsoft Kinect-based version of the CPT and ADHD symptomatology assessed through parental report. Results point out the importance of future research on the development of objective measures for the diagnosis of ADHD among children and adolescents.

Project description:Background: Developing valid emotional facial stimuli for specific ethnicities creates ample opportunities to investigate both the nature of emotional facial information processing in general and clinical populations as well as the underlying mechanisms of facial emotion processing within and across cultures. Given that most entries in emotional facial stimuli databases were developed with western samples, and given that very few of the eastern emotional facial stimuli sets were based strictly on the Ekman's Facial Action Coding System, developing valid emotional facial stimuli of eastern samples remains a high priority. Aims: To develop and examine the psychometric properties of six basic emotional facial stimuli recruiting professional Korean actors and actresses based on the Ekman's Facial Action Coding System for the Korea University Facial Expression Collection-Second Edition (KUFEC-II). Materials And Methods: Stimulus selection was done in two phases. First, researchers evaluated the clarity and intensity of each stimulus developed based on the Facial Action Coding System. Second, researchers selected a total of 399 stimuli from a total of 57 actors and actresses, which were then rated on accuracy, intensity, valence, and arousal by 75 independent raters. Conclusion: The hit rates between the targeted and rated expressions of the KUFEC-II were all above 80%, except for fear (50%) and disgust (63%). The KUFEC-II appears to be a valid emotional facial stimuli database, providing the largest set of emotional facial stimuli. The mean intensity score was 5.63 (out of 7), suggesting that the stimuli delivered the targeted emotions with great intensity. All positive expressions were rated as having a high positive valence, whereas all negative expressions were rated as having a high negative valence. The KUFEC II is expected to be widely used in various psychological studies on emotional facial expression. KUFEC-II stimuli can be obtained through contacting the corresponding authors.

Dataset Information

Attention in individuals with aphasia: Performance on the Conners' Continuous Performance Test - 2nd edition.

Publications

Attention in individuals with aphasia: Performance on the Conners' Continuous Performance Test - 2nd edition.

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