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A novel miRNA negatively regulates resistance to Glomerella leaf spot by suppressing expression of an NBS gene in apple.

ABSTRACT: Glomerella leaf spot (GLS) of apple (Malus×domestica Borkh.), caused by Glomerella cingulata, is an emerging fungal epidemic threatening the apple industry. Little is known about the molecular mechanism underlying resistance to this devastating fungus. In this study, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in GLS resistance in apple. We focused on miRNAs that target genes related to disease and found that expression of a novel miRNA, Md-miRln20, was higher in susceptible apple varieties than in resistant ones. Furthermore, its target gene Md-TN1-GLS exhibited the opposite expression pattern, which suggested that the expression levels of Md-miRln20 and its target gene are closely related to apple resistance to GLS. Furthermore, downregulation of Md-miRln20 in susceptible apple leaves resulted in upregulation of Md-TN1-GLS and reduced the disease incidence. Conversely, overexpression of Md-miRln20 in resistant apple leaves suppressed Md-TN1-GLS expression, with increased disease incidence. We demonstrated that Md-miRln20 negatively regulates resistance to GLS by suppressing Md-TN1-GLS expression and showed, for the first time, a crucial role for miRNA in response to GLS in apple.

SUBMITTER: Zhang Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6804642 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A novel miRNA negatively regulates resistance to Glomerella leaf spot by suppressing expression of an NBS gene in apple.

Zhang Yi Y Zhang Qiulei Q Hao Li L Wang Shengnan S Wang Shengyuan S Zhang Wenna W Xu Chaoran C Yu Yunfei Y Li Tianzhong T

Horticulture research 20190801

Glomerella leaf spot (GLS) of apple (Malus×domestica Borkh.), caused by Glomerella cingulata, is an emerging fungal epidemic threatening the apple industry. Little is known about the molecular mechanism underlying resistance to this devastating fungus. In this study, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in GLS resistance in apple. We focused on miRNAs that target genes related to disease and found that expression of a novel m ...[more]

PMID: 31645951

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Project description:Glomerella leaf spot (GLS), caused by Colletotrichum fructicola, is a rapidly emerging disease leading to defoliation, fruit spot, and storage fruit rot on apple in China. Little is known about the mechanisms of GLS pathogenesis. Early transcriptome analysis revealed that expression of the zinc finger transcription factor Ste12 gene in C. fructicola (CfSte12) was upregulated in appressoria and leaf infection. To investigate functions of CfSte12 during pathogenesis, we constructed gene deletion mutants (ΔCfSte12) by homologous recombination. Phenotypic analysis revealed that CfSte12 was involved in pathogenesis of nonwounded apple fruit and leaf, as well as wounded apple fruit. Subsequent histological studies revealed that loss of pathogenicity by ΔCfSte12 on apple leaf was expressed as defects of conidium germination, appressorium development, and appressorium-mediated penetration. Further RNA sequencing-based transcriptome comparison revealed that CfSte12 modulates the expression of genes related to appressorium function (e.g., genes for the tetraspanin PLS1, Gas1-like proteins, cutinases, and melanin biosynthesis) and candidate effectors likely involved in plant interaction. In sum, our results demonstrated that CfSte12 is a key regulator of early apple GLS pathogenesis in C. fructicola In addition, CfSte12 is also needed for sexual development of perithecia and ascospores.IMPORTANCE Glomerella leaf spot (GLS) is an emerging fungal disease of apple that causes huge economic losses in Asia, North America, and South America. The damage inflicted by GLS manifests in rapid necrosis of leaves, severe defoliation, and necrotic spot on the fruit surface. However, few studies have addressed mechanisms of GLS pathogenesis. In this study, we identified and characterized a key pathogenicity-related transcription factor, CfSte12, of Colletotrichum fructicola that contributes to GLS pathogenesis. We provide evidence that the CfSte12 protein regulates many important pathogenic processes of GLS, including conidium germination, appressorium formation, appressorium-mediated penetration, and colonization. CfSte12 also impacts development of structures needed for sexual reproduction which are vital for the GLS disease cycle. These results reveal a key pathogenicity-related transcription factor, CfSte12, in C. fructicola that causes GLS.

Dataset Information

A novel miRNA negatively regulates resistance to Glomerella leaf spot by suppressing expression of an NBS gene in apple.

Publications

A novel miRNA negatively regulates resistance to Glomerella leaf spot by suppressing expression of an <i>NBS</i> gene in apple.

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