Dataset Information

Vitamin D supplementation and total cancer incidence and mortality: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Previous meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of vitamin D supplementation and total cancer incidence and mortality found inconsistent results, and most included trials administered generally low doses of vitamin D (?1100?IU/day). We updated the meta-analysis by incorporating recent RCTs that have tested higher doses of vitamin D supplements.

Materials and methods

PubMed and Embase were searched from the inception to November 2018. Summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using a random-effects model.

Results

For total cancer incidence, 10 trials were included [6537 cases; 3-10?years of follow-up; 54-135?nmol/l of attained levels of circulating 25(OH) vitamin D [25(OH)D] in the intervention group]. The summary RR was 0.98 (95% CI, 0.93-1.03; P = 0.42; I2 = 0%). The results remained null across subgroups tested, including even when attained 25(OH)D levels exceeded 100?nmol/l (RR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.83-1.09; P = 0.48; I2 = 26%). For total cancer mortality, five trials were included [1591 deaths; 3-10?years of follow-up; 54-135?nmol/l of attained levels of circulating 25(OH)D in the intervention group]. The summary RR was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.79-0.96; P = 0.005; I2 = 0%), which was largely attributable to interventions with daily dosing (as opposed to infrequent bolus dosing). No statistically significant heterogeneity was observed by attained levels of circulating 25(OH)D (Pheterogeneity = 0.83), with RR being 0.88 (95% CI, 0.78-0.98; P = 0.02; I2 = 0%) for ?100?nmol/l and 0.85 (95% CI, 0.70-1.03; P = 0.11; I2 = 0%) for >100?nmol/l.

Conclusions

In an updated meta-analysis of RCTs, vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced total cancer mortality but did not reduce total cancer incidence.

SUBMITTER: Keum N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6821324 | biostudies-literature | 2019 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Vitamin D supplementation and total cancer incidence and mortality: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Keum N N Lee D H DH Greenwood D C DC Manson J E JE Giovannucci E E

Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology 20190501 5

<h4>Background</h4>Previous meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of vitamin D supplementation and total cancer incidence and mortality found inconsistent results, and most included trials administered generally low doses of vitamin D (≤1100 IU/day). We updated the meta-analysis by incorporating recent RCTs that have tested higher doses of vitamin D supplements.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>PubMed and Embase were searched from the inception to November 2018. Summary relative risks ...[more]

PMID: 30796437

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Project description:BackgroundPrevious observational studies have supported the hypothesis that vitamin D supplementation protects against stroke. However, several current intervention studies contradict this observation. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate further the association between vitamin D supplementation and the risk of stroke.MethodsThis meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement and included all the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that analyzed the relationship between vitamin D supplementation and the risk of stroke. A literature search strategy was established, and the following Medical Search Terms (MeSH) were used: "vitamin D," "Calcitriol," "Calcifediol," "Cholecalciferol," "25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2," "ergocalciferols," "stroke," and stroke-derived terms. We searched for articles published before January 2022 in several databases, namely, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and The Cochrane Library. We also reviewed references included in relevant published meta-analyses and searched the http://www.ClinicalTrials.gov website for additional RCTs. The Q test and I 2 were utilized to assess the degree of heterogeneity among the studies. Review Manager 5.3 and STATA16.0 software programs were used to assess the literature quality and perform statistical analyses.ResultsIn total, twenty-four RCTs (86,202 participants) were included. There was no statistical heterogeneity among the RCTs (I 2 = 0.0%, P = 0.94) included in this meta-analysis. We determined that vitamin D supplementation was not associated with a reduced risk of stroke compared with the placebo (RR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.93-1.13, P = 0.65). In total, 10 studies only included women, and 14 studies included women and men among the 24 RCTs. Therefore, we performed a subgroup analysis based on sex. After the subgroup analysis, the effect remained statistically insignificant (mixed-sex group: RR = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.93-1.22, P = 0.37, women group: RR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.86-1.13, P = 0.80). The results were generally comparable, based on age, body mass index (BMI), follow-up period, baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels, the designated endpoint, latitude, vitamin D dosage, type of vitamin D administered, and an absence or presence of concurrent calcium supplementation (P > 0.05).ConclusionOur study revealed that additional vitamin D supplementation did not reduce the risk of stroke. Therefore, additional RCTs of similar design should not be encouraged to assess any association between vitamin D supplementation and reduced stroke risk.

Dataset Information

Vitamin D supplementation and total cancer incidence and mortality: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Vitamin D supplementation and total cancer incidence and mortality: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Similar Datasets

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