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A 2-yr, School-Based Resistance Exercise Pilot Program Increases Bone Accrual in Adolescent Girls.

ABSTRACT: Purpose:The current analysis evaluates cumulative benefits after year two (Y2) of a school-based resistance training intervention. Methods:Adolescent girls were enrolled and measured at the beginning of 6th grade (baseline, BL) and again at 1st follow-up (FU1: Y1 end) and 2nd follow-up (FU2: Y2 end). School gym classes met alternate school days. Site 1 had standard gym classes (CON). Site 2 gym classes included 8-12 minutes of resistance training (INT); INT girls were categorized based on observed participation effort and time (LO, HI). Measurements included: 1) height and weight; 2) questionnaires to assess extracurricular exercise and diet (calcium, vitamin D); 3) dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA, Lunar Prodigy). Whole body less head (SUB) scans yielded bone mineral content (BMC) and body composition. Lumbar spine (L1-L4) and femoral neck (FN) scans yielded BMC and areal bone mineral density (BMD); radius scans yielded ultradistal and 1/3 BMD. ANCOVA compared group means for percent gains from BL to FU2, accounting for biological maturity, BL height, height change, inter-scan interval, organized activity, calcium and vitamin D. Results:In 62 girls (21 CON, 41 INT), intention to treat analyses detected INT vs. CON advantages for L1-L4 BMC and BMD (4.1%, 5.6%: p<0.05). HI effort participants (n=19) demonstrated advantages for BMC and BMD at L1-L4 and FN (5.7% to 8.2%, p<0.01) vs. CON. Conclusions:Over two school years, this resistance intervention yielded lumbar spine advantages; enthusiastic participation (HI) yielded lumbar spine and femoral neck advantages. Further work is warranted to evaluate benefit persistence after intervention cessation.

SUBMITTER: Dowthwaite JN

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6822173 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A 2-yr, School-Based Resistance Exercise Pilot Program Increases Bone Accrual in Adolescent Girls.

Dowthwaite Jodi N JN Weiss Deena M DM Thein-Nissenbaum Jill J Scerpella Tamara A TA

Translational journal of the American College of Sports Medicine 20190601 11

<h4>Purpose</h4>The current analysis evaluates cumulative benefits after year two (Y2) of a school-based resistance training intervention.<h4>Methods</h4>Adolescent girls were enrolled and measured at the beginning of 6<sup>th</sup> grade (baseline, BL) and again at 1<sup>st</sup> follow-up (FU1: Y1 end) and 2<sup>nd</sup> follow-up (FU2: Y2 end). School gym classes met alternate school days. Site 1 had standard gym classes (CON). Site 2 gym classes included 8-12 minutes of resistance training ( ...[more]

PMID: 31673627

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Project description:OBJECTIVES:We evaluated the feasibility of conducting a 9-week long sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention intervention, Angels in Action, within an alternative disciplinary school for adolescent girls. METHODS:All girls who were 16-18?years old, enrolled in the school and did not have plans to transfer from the school were eligible to participate. We measured process feasibility with recruitment, retention and participant enjoyment. Using a pretest-post-test design with a double post-test, we used ?² tests to estimate the intervention effect on participants' sexual partner risk knowledge, intentions to reduce partner risk and sexual activities in the past 60 days with three behavioural surveys: prior to, immediately following and 3?months after the intervention. RESULTS:Among the 20 girls who were eligible, 95% (19/20) of parents consented and all girls (19/19) agreed to participate. Survey participation was 100% (19/19) prior to, 76% (13/17) immediately following and 53% (9/17) 3?months after the intervention. The intervention was administered twice and a total 17 girls participated. Session attendance was high (89%) and most participants (80%) reported enjoying the intervention. The intervention increased the percentage of girls who could identify partner characteristics associated with increased STI risk: 38% before, 92% immediately following and 100% 3?months after the intervention (p=0.01). Girls also increased their intentions to find out four of the most highly associated partner characteristics (partner's age, recent sexual activity and STI or jail history): 32% before to 75% immediately following (p=0.02) and 67% 3?months after the intervention (p=0.09). CONCLUSIONS:This pilot study suggests girls at alternative disciplinary schools participated in and enjoyed a 9-week STI preventive intervention. Within alternative disciplinary schools, it is potentially feasible to increase girls' consideration of partner risk characteristics as a means to enhance their STI prevention skills.

Project description:PurposeOur purpose was to examine the effects of 2 yr of creatine monohydrate supplementation and exercise on bone health in postmenopausal women.MethodsTwo hundred and thirty-seven postmenopausal women (mean age, 59 yr) were randomized to receive creatine (0.14 g·kg -1 ·d -1 ) or placebo during a resistance training (3 d·wk -1 ) and walking (6 d·wk -1 ) program for 2 yr. Our primary outcome was the femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD), with lumbar spine BMD and proximal femur geometric properties as the secondary outcomes.ResultsCompared with placebo, creatine supplementation had no effect on BMD of the femoral neck (creatine: 0.725 ± 0.110 to 0.712 ± 0.100 g·cm -2 ; placebo: 0.721 ± 0.102 to 0.706 ± 0.097 g·cm -2 ), total hip (creatine: 0.879 ± 0.118 to 0.872 ± 0.114 g·cm -2 ; placebo: 0.881 ± 0.111 to 0.873 ± 0.109 g·cm -2 ), or lumbar spine (creatine: 0.932 ± 0.133 to 0.925 ± 0.131 g·cm -2 ; placebo: 0.923 ± 0.145 to 0.915 ± 0.143 g·cm -2 ). Creatine significantly maintained section modulus (1.35 ± 0.29 to 1.34 ± 0.26 vs 1.34 ± 0.25 to 1.28 ± 0.23 cm 3 (placebo), P = 0.0011), predictive of bone bending strength, and buckling ratio (10.8 ± 2.6 to 11.1 ± 2.2 vs 11.0 ± 2.6 to 11.6 ± 2.7 (placebo), P = 0.011), predictive of reduced cortical bending under compressive loads, at the narrow part of the femoral neck. Creatine reduced walking time over 80 m (48.6 ± 5.6 to 47.1 ± 5.4 vs 48.3 ± 4.5 to 48.2 ± 4.9 s (placebo), P = 0.0008) but had no effect on muscular strength (i.e., one-repetition maximum) during bench press (32.1 ± 12.7 to 42.6 ± 14.1 vs 30.6 ± 10.9 to 41.4 ± 14 kg (placebo)) and hack squat (57.6 ± 21.6 to 84.4 ± 28.1 vs 56.6 ± 24.0 to 82.7 ± 25.0 kg (placebo)). In the subanalysis of valid completers, creatine increased lean tissue mass compared with placebo (40.8 ± 5.7 to 43.1 ± 5.9 vs 40.4 ± 5.3 to 42.0 ± 5.2 kg (placebo), P = 0.046).ConclusionsTwo years of creatine supplementation and exercise in postmenopausal women had no effect on BMD; yet, it improved some bone geometric properties at the proximal femur.

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A 2-yr, School-Based Resistance Exercise Pilot Program Increases Bone Accrual in Adolescent Girls.

Publications

A 2-yr, School-Based Resistance Exercise Pilot Program Increases Bone Accrual in Adolescent Girls.

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