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The G119S Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1) Target Site Mutation Confers Carbamate Resistance in the Major Malaria Vector Anopheles gambiae from Cameroon: A Challenge for the Coming IRS Implementation.


ABSTRACT: Growing resistance is reported to carbamate insecticides in malaria vectors in Cameroon. However, the contribution of acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1) to this resistance remains uncharacterised. Here, we established that the G119S mutation is driving resistance to carbamates in Anopheles gambiae populations from Cameroon. Insecticide bioassay on field-collected mosquitoes from Bankeng, a locality in southern Cameroon, showed high resistance to the carbamates bendiocarb (64.8% ± 3.5% mortality) and propoxur (55.71% ± 2.9%) but a full susceptibility to the organophosphate fenitrothion. The TaqMan genotyping of the G119S mutation in field-collected adults revealed the presence of this resistance allele (39%). A significant correlation was observed between the Ace-1R and carbamate resistance at allelic ((bendiocarb; odds ratio (OR) = 75.9; p < 0.0001) and (propoxur; OR = 1514; p < 0.0001)) and genotypic (homozygote resistant vs. homozygote susceptible (bendiocarb; OR = 120.8; p < 0.0001) and (propoxur; OR = 3277; p < 0.0001)) levels. Furthermore, the presence of the mutation was confirmed by sequencing an Ace-1 portion flanking codon 119. The cloning of this fragment revealed a likely duplication of Ace-1 in Cameroon as mosquitoes exhibited at least three distinct haplotypes. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the predominant Ace-1R allele is identical to that from West Africa suggesting a recent introduction of this allele in Central Africa from the West. The spread of this Ace-1R represents a serious challenge to future implementation of indoor residual spraying (IRS)-based interventions using carbamates or organophosphates in Cameroon.

SUBMITTER: Elanga-Ndille E 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6826778 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The G119S Acetylcholinesterase (<i>Ace-1</i>) Target Site Mutation Confers Carbamate Resistance in the Major Malaria Vector <i>Anopheles gambiae</i> from Cameroon: A Challenge for the Coming IRS Implementation.

Elanga-Ndille Emmanuel E   Nouage Lynda L   Ndo Cyrille C   Binyang Achille A   Assatse Tatiane T   Nguiffo-Nguete Daniel D   Djonabaye Doumani D   Irwing Helen H   Tene-Fossog Billy B   Wondji Charles S CS  

Genes 20191011 10


Growing resistance is reported to carbamate insecticides in malaria vectors in Cameroon. However, the contribution of acetylcholinesterase (<i>Ace-1</i>) to this resistance remains uncharacterised. Here, we established that the <i>G119S</i> mutation is driving resistance to carbamates in <i>Anopheles gambiae</i> populations from Cameroon. Insecticide bioassay on field-collected mosquitoes from Bankeng, a locality in southern Cameroon, showed high resistance to the carbamates bendiocarb (64.8% ±  ...[more]

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