Dataset Information

Sex differences in thigh muscle volumes, sprint performance and mechanical properties in national-level sprinters.

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to determine and compare thigh muscle volumes (MVs), and sprint mechanical properties and performance between male and female national-level sprinters. We also studied possible relationships between thigh MVs and sprint performance. Nine male and eight female national-level sprinters participated in the study. T1-weighted magnetic resonance images of the thighs were obtained to determine MVs of quadriceps, hamstrings and adductors. Sprint performance was measured as the time to cover 40 and 80 m. Instantaneous sprint velocity was measured by radar to obtain theoretical maximum force (F0), theoretical maximum velocity (V0) and maximum power (Pmax). When MVs were normalized by height-mass, males showed larger hamstrings (13.5%, ES = 1.26, P < 0.05) compared with females, while quadriceps and adductors showed no statistically significant differences. Males were extremely faster than females in 40 m (14%, ES = 6.68, P < 0.001) and in 80 m (15%, ES = 5.01, P < 0.001. Males also showed increased sprint mechanical properties, with larger F0 (19%, ES = 1.98, P < 0.01), much larger Pmax (46%, ES = 3.76, P < 0.001), and extremely larger V0 (23%, ES = 6.97, P < 0.001). With the pooled data, hamstring and adductor MVs correlated strongly (r = -0.685, P < 0.01) and moderately (r = -0.530, P < 0.05), respectively, with sprint performance; while quadriceps showed no association. The sex-stratified analysis showed weaker associations compared with pooled data, most likely due to small sample size. In conclusion, males were faster than females and showed larger MVs, especially in hamstrings. Moreover, regarding the thigh muscles, hamstrings MV seems the most related with sprint performance as previously proposed.

SUBMITTER: Nuell S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6830821 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Sex differences in thigh muscle volumes, sprint performance and mechanical properties in national-level sprinters.

Nuell Sergi S Illera-Domínguez Víctor V Carmona Gerard G Alomar Xavier X Padullés Josep Maria JM Lloret Mario M Cadefau Joan Aureli JA

PloS one 20191105 11

The purpose of this study was to determine and compare thigh muscle volumes (MVs), and sprint mechanical properties and performance between male and female national-level sprinters. We also studied possible relationships between thigh MVs and sprint performance. Nine male and eight female national-level sprinters participated in the study. T1-weighted magnetic resonance images of the thighs were obtained to determine MVs of quadriceps, hamstrings and adductors. Sprint performance was measured as ...[more]

PMID: 31689336

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Project description:ObjectiveTo identify the association between educational level and physical activity (PA) in specific domains according to sex, among residents of 26 Brazilian state capitals and the Federal District.MethodsThis is a cross-national survey, with data obtained from the Telephone-based Surveillance of Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases (VIGITEL), in 2017, conducted with individuals ≥ 18 years old (n = 53,034). The education level (classified as ≤ 4 years, 5 to 8 years, 9 to 11 years, and ≥ 12 years of education) and PA of participants (meeting PA recommendations and performing this active behaviour) in the commuting, domestic, leisure, and work domains were self-reported. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the data obtained from the survey.ResultsMales and females with higher education were less likely to meet PA recommendations (males: OR = 0.68 [95% CI 0.52-0.91]; females: OR = 0.41 [0.34-0.48]) and perform the active behaviour (males: OR = 0.73 [0.57-0.93]; females: OR = 0.27 [0.23-0.32]) in the domestic domain. In the work domain, the two outcomes were associated with education only for males, indicating that those with more years of education had less chance of meeting PA recommendations (OR9 to 11 years = 0.61 [0.46-0.83]; OR≥12 years = 0.21 [0.15-0.30]) and performing it (OR9 to 11 years = 0.64 [0.49-0.84]; OR≥12 years = 0.25 [0.18-0.34]). However, more years of education seemed to positively influence meeting PA recommendations (males: OR9-11 years = 2.26 [1.79-2.87]; OR≥12 years = 2.91 [2.28-3.72]; females: OR5-8 years = 1.26 [1.04-1.54]; OR9-11 years = 1.81 [1.52-2.16]; OR≥12 years = 2.69 [2.25-3.22]) and practicing this behaviour (males: OR5-8 years = 1.29 [1.01-1.63]; OR9-11 years = 2.54 [2.04-3.17]; OR≥12 years = 3.31 [2.64-4.16]; females: OR5-8 years = 1.23 [1.03-1.46]; OR9-11 years = 1.75 [1.51-2.01]; OR≥12 years = 2.94 [2.53-3.40]) in leisure time for both sexes.ConclusionEducation level appears to be an important determinant in the relationship with PA in its different domains, especially in the leisure and domestic domains, for both sexes.

Dataset Information

Sex differences in thigh muscle volumes, sprint performance and mechanical properties in national-level sprinters.

Publications

Sex differences in thigh muscle volumes, sprint performance and mechanical properties in national-level sprinters.

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