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Oral Rehabilitation of Hypodontia Patients Using an Endosseous Dental Implant: Functional and Aesthetic Results.

ABSTRACT: Hypodontia often leads to limited bone availability of the alveolar ridges. Oral rehabilitation of severe hypodontia patients is challenging. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the functional and aesthetic results after dental implants in hypodontia patients, corroborated by Albrektsson implant success criteria. Over a period of 15 years (2000-2015), a total of 43 patients were diagnosed with hypodontia and 165 dental implants were inserted. Six patients who received 10 implants were lost in the follow-up. We examined 155 implants in 37 patients between December 2015 and May 2017. Besides family history, patients evaluated the general satisfaction, functionality, and aesthetics of the implants. Study subjects were between 17 and 44 years old (mean ± SD: 21.4 ± 5.6). Hypodontia patients were missing one to five teeth (n = 28), whereas patients diagnosed with oligodontia (?6 missing teeth, n = 9). In this study, 24 patients (64.9%) with hypodontia had a positive family history; the remaining 13 patients had no family member with hypodontia. The final follow-up time ranged between 5 and 189 months after implant placement. Orthodontic treatment was performed in 32 patients (86%) before implant placement. Rehabilitation resulted in 62% of the cases being treated with 1-2 implants and 38% treated with 3-15 implants. However, out of 155 inserted dental implants, 18 implants failed to meet Albrektsson criteria, under which two implants were removed. Only autografts were used for bone augmentation with 97 implants. More than two-thirds of the patients showed high general satisfaction and masticatory function (69.4%) as well as phonetic ability (80.6%). The aesthetic outcome was rated as excellent by 17 patients (47.2%). The findings emphasize the importance of interdisciplinary treatment of hypodontia, leading to a satisfactory, functional, and long-term fixed prosthodontics using dental implants.

SUBMITTER: Attia S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6832447 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Oral Rehabilitation of Hypodontia Patients Using an Endosseous Dental Implant: Functional and Aesthetic Results.

Attia Sameh S Schaaf Heidrun H El Khassawna Thaqif T Malhan Deeksha D Mausbach Katharina K Howaldt Hans-Peter HP Streckbein Philipp P

Journal of clinical medicine 20191015 10

Hypodontia often leads to limited bone availability of the alveolar ridges. Oral rehabilitation of severe hypodontia patients is challenging. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the functional and aesthetic results after dental implants in hypodontia patients, corroborated by Albrektsson implant success criteria. Over a period of 15 years (2000-2015), a total of 43 patients were diagnosed with hypodontia and 165 dental implants were inserted. Six patients who received 10 implants were lost ...[more]

PMID: 31618898

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Project description:Background and Objectives: The gold standard for a successful prosthetic approach is the osseointegration of an implant. However, this integration can be a problem in cases where the implant needs to be removed. Removing the implant with minimal damage to the surrounding tissues is important. Osteocytes cannot survive below -2 °C, but epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and other surrounding tissue cells can. Remodeling can be triggered by cryotherapy at temperatures that specifically affect osteocyte necrosis. In this study, we aimed to develop a method for reversing the osseointegration mechanism and for protecting the surrounding tissues by bone remodeling induced by CO2 cryotherapy. Materials and Methods: In this study, eight 2.8 mm diameter, one-piece mini implants were used in New Zealand rabbit tibias. Two control and six implants were tested in this study. After 2 months of osseointegration, a reverse torque force method was used to remove all osseointegrated implants at 5, 10, 20, and 30 Ncm. The osseointegration of the implants was proven by periotest measurements. Changes in bone tissue were examined in histological sections stained with toluidine blue after rabbit sacrifice. The number of lacunae with osteocyte, empty lacunae, and lacunae greater than 5 µm and the osteon number in a 10,000 µm2 area were calculated. Cryotherapy was applied to the test implants for 1 min, 2 min, and 5 min. Three implants were subjected to cryotherapy at -40 °C, and the other implants were subjected to cryotherapy at -80 °C. Results: Empty lacunae, filled osteocytes, lacunae >5 µm, and the osteon count around the implant applied at -40 °C were not significantly different from the control implants. The application of -40 °C for 1 min was found to cause minimal damage to the bone cells. The implants, which were applied for 1 min and 2 min, were successfully explanted on the 2nd day with the 5 Ncm reverse torque method. Test implants, which were applied cold for 5 min, were explanted on day 1. Tissue damage was detected in all test groups at -80 °C. Conclusions: The method of removing implants with cryotherapy was found to be successful in -40 °C freeze-thaw cycles applied three times for 1 min. To prove implant removal with cryotherapy, more implant trials should be conducted.

Dataset Information

Oral Rehabilitation of Hypodontia Patients Using an Endosseous Dental Implant: Functional and Aesthetic Results.

Publications

Oral Rehabilitation of Hypodontia Patients Using an Endosseous Dental Implant: Functional and Aesthetic Results.

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