Dataset Information

Bioelectrical impedance phase angle in sport: a systematic review.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Phase angle (PhA) is a raw BIA variable that has been gaining attention in recent years because it is supposed to be an index of the ratio between extracellular and intracellular water, body cell mass, and cellular integrity. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the variability of PhA between different sports and its relationships with sport performance. Additionally, we investigated whether PhA depends on gender or age, and analyzed the differences between athletes and controls. METHODS:A systematic research using PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science up to June 2019 was performed. Selection criteria included studies on subjects who practice sports in planned and continuous modality at competitive or elite level. RESULTS:Thirty-five papers met the inclusion criteria (twenty-one cross-sectional data, fourteen longitudinal data). A few but convincing studies have shown that mean PhA is higher in athletes vs. controls. PhA increases with age and is likely to be higher in male than female athletes. A large variability in PhA is observed for the same sport, while it is still uncertain to what extent PhA differs between various sports. There are no clear relationships of PhA with sport performance or training/untraining. CONCLUSION:It is still to be defined to what extent PhA varies between different sports and changes with training/untraining. It can be argued that for a given sport much more data should be collected in a systematic way and for a period of time appropriate in order to determine changes and trends. This is even more crucial in the case of intervention studies.

SUBMITTER: Di Vincenzo O

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6833254 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Bioelectrical impedance phase angle in sport: a systematic review.

Di Vincenzo Olivia O Marra Maurizio M Scalfi Luca L

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 20191106 1

<h4>Background</h4>Phase angle (PhA) is a raw BIA variable that has been gaining attention in recent years because it is supposed to be an index of the ratio between extracellular and intracellular water, body cell mass, and cellular integrity. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the variability of PhA between different sports and its relationships with sport performance. Additionally, we investigated whether PhA depends on gender or age, and analyzed the differences between athlet ...[more]

PMID: 31694665

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundBioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) is a general concept that includes all methodologies used in the analysis of the bioelectrical vector, whereas the "classic" BIVA is a patented methodology included among these methods of analysis. Once this was clarified, the systematic review of the literature provides a deeper insight into the scope and range of application of BIVA in sport and exercise.ObjectiveThe main goal of this work was to systematically review the sources on the applications of BIVA in sport and exercise and to examine its usefulness and suitability as a technique for the evaluation of body composition, hydration status, and other physiological and clinical relevant characteristics, ultimately to trace future perspectives in this growing area, including a proposal for a research agenda.MethodsSystematic literature searches in PubMed, SPORTDiscus and Scopus databases up to July, 2017 were conducted on any empirical investigations using phase-sensitive bioimpedance instruments to perform BIVA within exercise and sport contexts. The search included healthy sedentary individuals, physically active subjects and athletes.ResultNineteen eligible papers were included and classified as sixteen original articles and three scientific conference communications. Three studies analysed short-term variations in the hydration status evoked by exercise/training through whole-body measurements, eleven assessed whole-body body composition changes induced by long-term exercise, four compared athletic groups or populations using the whole-body assessment, and two analysed bioelectrical patterns of athletic injuries or muscle damage through localised bioimpedance measurements.ConclusionsBIVA is a relatively new technique that has potential in sport and exercise, especially for the assessment of soft-tissue injury. On the other hand, the current tolerance ellipses of "classic" BIVA are not a valid method to identify dehydration in individual athletes and a new approach is needed. "Specific" BIVA, a method which proposes a correction of bioelectrical values for body geometry, emerges as the key to overcome "classic" BIVA limitations regarding the body composition assessment. Further research establishing standardised testing procedures and investigating the relationship between physiology and the bioelectrical signal in sport and exercise is needed.

Project description:IntroductionPhase angle (PhA) is a ratio of reactance and resistance {arctangent (reactance (Xc)/resistance (R)) × (180°/π)}, which can be obtained by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). PhA indicates cellular health and integrity, and it is also considered as a prognostic tool in medical disorders and an indicator of nutritional status (especially of muscle quality) in patients with obesity. However, PhA has limited usefulness in clinical practice because of a lackness of reference values for Chinese overweight and obese populations. The main aim of this study was to show PhA reference data in different age and BMI groups by sex. In addition, we also study the association of age, sex, and BMI on PhA.MethodsA total of 1729 overweight and obese participants were included in this study. PhA and body composition were measured using segmental multifrequency BIA. Differences in mean values for variables were tested by one-way analysis of variance. Multiple regression analysis was used to assess the associations of PhA with age, sex and BMI.ResultsMultiple regression analysis showed that age, sex and BMI were significant (P < 0.05) independent influence factors of PhA in Chinese overweight and obese adults when age and BMI were continues variables. The mean PhA value for all participants was 5.5°. Mean BMI, age, weight, height and 50kHz-PhA were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in male participants than female ones. In age groups and BMI groups, mean 50kHz-PhA was significantly higher (P < 0.005) in male participants than female ones. When age groups and BMI groups were categorical variables, multiple regression analysis showed that different age groups (46-55 years and ≥ 56 years) had a significantly lower (P < 0.005) PhA as compared with the baseline group (18-25 years) and different BMI groups (≥ 28 kg/m2) had a significantly higher (P < 0.05) PhA as compared with the baseline group (24-27.9 kg/m2).ConclusionPhA differed according to age, sex and BMI. Reference data in this study can be taken into consideration when deriving the reference values for overweight and obese Chinese populations.

Project description:Maintenance and improvement of neuromuscular functions is crucial for everyone regardless of age. An easy way to assess neuromuscular properties without muscle contraction is useful especially for those who cannot perform strenuous muscular force production, such as older adults and patients with orthopedic or cognitive disorders. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) can assess body electrical properties e.g., phase angle (PhA) which is regarded as muscle quantity/quality index. The purpose of this study was to investigate associations of PhA with neuromuscular properties of the knee extensors in 55 young (n = 23) and older (n = 32) adults. The values of PhA of the right thigh and whole-body were determined with BIA at 50 kHz. The participants performed 4-s maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) to measure peak torque (PTMVIC), and 1-s brief MVIC to assess rate of torque development (RTD) over the time interval of 0-200 ms. As markers of physiological mechanisms of muscle force production, twitch contractile properties (peak twitch torque, rate of twitch torque development, and time-to-peak twitch torque) of the knee extensors obtained by femoral nerve electrical stimulation, and muscle activity assessed as root mean square values of electromyographic activity (EMG-RMS) during PTMVIC and RTD measurements were measured. Thigh and whole-body PhA significantly correlated with PTMVIC (r ≥ 0.555, p < 0.001) and electrically evoked twitch parameters (peak twitch torque, rate of twitch torque development, and time-to-peak twitch torque; |r| ≥ 0.420, p ≤ 0.001), but not RTD (r ≤ 0.237, p ≥ 0.081) or EMG-RMSs (|r| ≤ 0.214, p ≥ 0.117). Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis revealed that thigh PhA was selected as a significant variable to predict PTMVIC but not RTD. Whole-body PhA was not selected as a significant variable to predict PTMVIC or RTD. In conclusion, both thigh and whole-body PhA can associate with maximal voluntary muscle strength of the knee extensors, and this association may be due to intrinsic contractile properties but not neural aspects. Regarding prediction of the knee extensor strength, thigh PhA is preferable as the predictor rather than whole-body PhA which is used as a widely acknowledged indicator of sarcopenia.

Project description:Physical performance decrements observed during multi-stressor military operations may be attributed, in part, to cellular membrane dysfunction, which is quantifiable using phase angle (PhA) derived from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Positive relationships between PhA and performance have been previously reported in cross-sectional studies and following longitudinal exercise training programs, but whether changes in PhA are indicative of acute decrements in performance during military operations is unknown. Data from the Optimizing Performance for Soldiers II study, a clinical trial examining the effects of exogenous testosterone administration on body composition and performance during military stress, was used to evaluate changes in PhA and their associations with physical performance. Recreationally active, healthy males (n = 34; 26.6 ± 4.3 years; 77.9 ± 12.4 kg) were randomized to receive testosterone undecanoate or placebo before a 20-day simulated military operation, which was followed by a 23-day recovery period. PhA of the whole-body (Whole) and legs (Legs) and physical performance were measured before (PRE) and after (POST) the simulated military operation as well as in recovery (REC). Independent of treatment, PhAWhole and PhALegs decreased from PRE to POST (p < 0.001), and PhALegs , but not PhAWhole , remained lower at REC than PRE. PhAWhole at PRE and REC were associated with vertical jump height and Wingate peak power (p < 0.001-0.050), and PhAWhole at PRE was also associated with 3-RM deadlift mass (p = 0.006). However, PhA at POST and changes in PhA from PRE to POST were not correlated with any performance measure (p > 0.05). Additionally, PhA was not associated with aerobic performance at any timepoint. In conclusion, reduced PhA from PRE to POST provides indirect evidence of cellular membrane disruption. Associations between PhA and strength and power were only evident at PRE and REC, suggesting PhA may be a useful indicator of strength and power, but not aerobic capacity, in non-stressed conditions, and not a reliable indicator of physical performance during severe physiological stress.

Dataset Information

Bioelectrical impedance phase angle in sport: a systematic review.

Publications

Bioelectrical impedance phase angle in sport: a systematic review.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets