Dataset Information

Application of non-uniform film thickness concept in predicting deviated gas wells liquid loading.

ABSTRACT: Liquid loading causes undesirable occurrences such as premature death of wells, as well as significant reduction in production. However, most available models consider vertical wells and only a few focus on deviated gas wells. In order to reduce the impact of liquid loading on gas production, gas well load-up should be diagnosed at its early stage so as to proffer adequate solution. Unfortunately, most gas wells will experience liquid loading at some stage or point in their production life. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to predict liquid loading at the early life of such wells in order to develop apt liquid management strategies as corrective measures. Liquid film flow reversal concept has been identified as one of the major concepts responsible for the occurrence of liquid loading in deviated gas wells. This study develops an improvement on Chen's liquid loading model. The model specifically introduces the concept of non-uniform film thickness around the pipe wall, as against previous works which considered uniform film thickness. A modified friction factor is also introduced to account for large film thicknesses around the pipe wall. Results from the model were compared with those of previous models, and data from published literature was used to validate the new model. The new model gave accurate predictions for 11 of 12 unloaded wells while for the loaded wells, the estimated data gave accuracies for 29 out of 30 loaded wells. This then implies that the new model is accurate for predicting liquid loading in deviated gas wells. •Predictions from the new model show a good improvement over existing models.•The uniform film assumption made in Chen liquid loading model was modified, and a different interfacial friction factor was applied.•The method proposed in this study introduces the concept of non-uniform film thickness around the pipe wall as against previous works which considered uniform film thickness.

SUBMITTER: Okoro EE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6838504 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Application of non-uniform film thickness concept in predicting deviated gas wells liquid loading.

Okoro Emeka Emmanuel EE Bassey Cynthia I CI Sanni Samuel E SE Ashiq Muhammad Gul Bahar MGB Mamudu Angela O AO

MethodsX 20191011

Liquid loading causes undesirable occurrences such as premature death of wells, as well as significant reduction in production. However, most available models consider vertical wells and only a few focus on deviated gas wells. In order to reduce the impact of liquid loading on gas production, gas well load-up should be diagnosed at its early stage so as to proffer adequate solution. Unfortunately, most gas wells will experience liquid loading at some stage or point in their production life. Ther ...[more]

PMID: 31720234

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Project description:Background and aimsSubmergence tolerance in rice is primarily attributed to the action of the SUB1 gene, but other associated traits such as leaf gas film (LGF) thickness, leaf hydrophobicity, porosity and leaf density have been known to aid submergence tolerance in rice. However, association of these traits with SUB1 quantitative trait locus (QTL) has not been demonstrated. In this study, we aim to investigate (1) whether the presence of the SUB1 QTL in the genetic background has any influence on the thickness of the LGF and (ii) whether its removal has any impact on stress perception and submergence tolerance in Sub1 and non-Sub1 rice.MethodsWe examined 12 genotypes (including both Sub1 and non-Sub1 types) for different leaf traits such as initial LGF thickness, leaf hydrophobicity, tissue porosity and leaf density in order to work out the relatioship of these traits to the SUB1 QTL in rice. Furthermore, we investigated the changes in the gene expression profile and different metabolic processes in selected genotypes in the presence and absence of their LGF to study its impact on stress perception and adaptation.Key resultsThe initial thickness of the LGF and hydrophobicity seemed to have a highly positive correlation with the presence of the SUB1 QTL in the genetic background of rice; however, other leaf traits such as porosity and density seemed to be independent of it. Artificial removal of the LGF resulted in partial loss of tolerance, showing increased ethylene production and early induction of anoxia-related genes (SUB1A-1, ACS5, Ramy3D and ADH1) which manifested symptoms such as increased stem elongation, faster chlorophyll and starch breakdown, and partial loss of quiescence in SUB1-containing rice genotypes. Stripping of the LGF resulted in early and enhanced induction of SUB1A-1, indicating a quicker perception of stress.ConclusionsThe presence of SUB1 in the genetic background positively influences surface hydrophobicity and the concomitant LGF thickness of rice. Furthermore, LGF helps in terms of providing better ethylene dissipation and reduced in planta accumulation, owing to the slowing down of ethylene-induced leaf senescence under submergence stress.

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Dataset Information

Application of non-uniform film thickness concept in predicting deviated gas wells liquid loading.

Publications

Application of non-uniform film thickness concept in predicting deviated gas wells liquid loading.

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