Dataset Information

[Effectiveness of educational interventions for the prevention of pregnancy in adolescents].

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To assess the effectiveness of the interventions to prevent a pregnancy in adolescence.

Design

Systematic review.

Data sources

The following databases were consulted: PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Cuiden Plus, LILACS, and IME, in order to identify interventions aimed at preventing a pregnancy in adolescence.

Study selection

A total of 24 primary investigations, in which an educational program to prevent a pregnancy in the adolescence was evaluated, were selected. The quality of the selected studies was assessed according to the CASPe scale.

Results

Educational programs for the modification of the teenage pregnancy rate show inconclusive results, as there are 2 studies that find a reduction, and 2 that find that there are no significant changes. For secondary outcomes, it was found that educational programs are effective for increasing the knowledge level about sexuality and contraceptive methods and changing attitudes about the risk of a teenage pregnancy or the use of contraceptive methods. There are no statistically significant differences between the studies with a positive and negative outcome (P>.05) for any of the results analysed in this review.

Conclusion

There is no a single intervention modality that is the most effective for prevention of a teenage pregnancy. More research is needed with a longitudinal approach that assess not only intermediate results, but also a modification in the pregnancy rate.

SUBMITTER: Sanz-Martos S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6839205 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug - Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

[Effectiveness of educational interventions for the prevention of pregnancy in adolescents].

Sanz-Martos Sebastián S López-Medina Isabel M IM Álvarez-García Cristina C Álvarez-Nieto Carmen C

Atencion primaria 20180611 7

<h4>Objective</h4>To assess the effectiveness of the interventions to prevent a pregnancy in adolescence.<h4>Design</h4>Systematic review.<h4>Data sources</h4>The following databases were consulted: PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Cuiden Plus, LILACS, and IME, in order to identify interventions aimed at preventing a pregnancy in adolescence.<h4>Study selection</h4>A total of 24 primary investigations, in which an educational program to prevent a pregnancy in the adolescence was evaluated, were selected. ...[more]

PMID: 29903543

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Project description:ImportanceTo our knowledge, no systematic reviews or meta-analyses have been conducted to assess the effectiveness of preventive psychological and/or educational interventions for anxiety in varied populations.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of preventive psychological and/or educational interventions for anxiety in varied population types.Data sourcesA systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted based on literature searches of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, EMBASE, OpenGrey, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and other sources from inception to March 7, 2017.Study selectionA search was performed of randomized clinical trials assessing the effectiveness of preventive psychological and/or educational interventions for anxiety in varying populations free of anxiety at baseline as measured using validated instruments. There was no setting or language restriction. Eligibility criteria assessment was conducted by 2 of us.Data extraction and synthesisData extraction and assessment of risk of bias (Cochrane Collaboration's tool) were performed by 2 of us. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated using random-effect models. Heterogeneity was explored by random-effects meta-regression.Main outcomes and measuresIncidence of new cases of anxiety disorders or reduction of anxiety symptoms as measured by validated instruments.ResultsOf the 3273 abstracts reviewed, 131 were selected for full-text review, and 29 met the inclusion criteria, representing 10 430 patients from 11 countries on 4 continents. Meta-analysis calculations were based on 36 comparisons. The pooled SMD was -0.31 (95% CI, -0.40 to -0.21; P < .001) and heterogeneity was substantial (I2 = 61.1%; 95% CI, 44% to 73%). There was evidence of publication bias, but the effect size barely varied after adjustment (SMD, -0.27; 95% CI, -0.37 to -0.17; P < .001). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of effect size results. A meta-regression including 5 variables explained 99.6% of between-study variability, revealing an association between higher SMD, waiting list (comparator) (β = -0.33 [95% CI, -0.55 to -0.11]; P = .005) and a lower sample size (lg) (β = 0.15 [95% CI, 0.06 to 0.23]; P = .001). No association was observed with risk of bias, family physician providing intervention, and use of standardized interviews as outcomes.Conclusions and relevancePsychological and/or educational interventions had a small but statistically significant benefit for anxiety prevention in all populations evaluated. Although more studies with larger samples and active comparators are needed, these findings suggest that anxiety prevention programs should be further developed and implemented.

Project description:ObjectivesThis study explored adolescents' awareness about prescription opioid misuse, sources of medication information, and educational preferences.DesignAn online survey explored adolescents' understanding and perceptions of prescription opioids and opioid misuse and safety, medication information sources, and educational preferences.Setting and participantsEligible participants included students from 3 Wisconsin high schools who could speak and understand English. Participants were recruited through "backpack mail" and completed surveys online at school.Outcome measursSurvey responses were compared across demographic information of the study participants. Binary response items were compared across demographic strata by Fisher exact tests, and Likert responses were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis tests.ResultsA total of 190 students (53% female, 53% white, 32% Hispanic) were surveyed. Most (83.5%) considered using someone else's opioid medication to be misuse, 85.2% identified using opioids at a higher dose or frequency than prescribed as misuse, and 67.6% considered using an opioid prescription after its expiration date to be misuse. Approximately 90% of students perceived that opioid misuse causes some, quite a bit, or a great deal of harm to a person's physical and mental health and school ability. Many students were able to correctly identify examples and consequences of misuse, however 24.7% believed that flushing opioids down the drain was dangerous. The most common source for finding information about opioids was Google or other search engines (67.6%), followed by talking with parents (56.7%), talking with a doctor or nurse (54.9%), and online videos (42.3%).ConclusionAdolescents have some opioid safety knowledge, but there is a clear opportunity to increase knowledge and understanding of risks. Adolescents could benefit from opioid safety education, particularly on safe storage and disposal, harms of misuse, and strategies for discouraging peer opioid misuse.

Dataset Information

[Effectiveness of educational interventions for the prevention of pregnancy in adolescents].

Objective

Design

Data sources

Study selection

Results

Conclusion

Publications

[Effectiveness of educational interventions for the prevention of pregnancy in adolescents].

Similar Datasets

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